变式句型_省略句与虚拟语气辩析.ppt

两者的区别是：若从句内容尚未成为事实，则用虚拟语气；若从句内容已经成为事实，则用陈述语气 He insisted that I had read his letter. 他坚持说我看过他的信。 He insisted that I should read his letter. 他坚持要我看他的信。 2. believe, expect, suspect, think, imagine等动词的否定句或疑问句中 的宾语从句常用虚拟语气。其虚拟语气的结构为： should + 原形动词。如： Can you believe that he should kill a tiger? 你能相信他竟杀死了一只老虎？ Can you imagine that he should take the first place in the long jump contest? 你能想象得到他在跳远比赛中竟获得了第一名？ 3 非常没把握，表示遗憾 I wish与if only 从句谓语用过去完成时或would / could+have +过去分词，表示将来没有把握或不太可能实现的愿望，用would (could)＋动词原形。如： I wish I could speak your language. 但愿我能讲你们国家的话。 I wish he were more careful. 你更仔细点就好了。 I wish I hadn’t said that. 我要是没有说那话就好了。 if only 与 I wish一样，也用于表示与事实相反的愿望，其后所虚拟语气的时态与 wish后所接时态的情况相同。如： If only I werent so nervous. 但愿我不这样紧张。 If only I had listened to your advice! 我要是听了你的劝告就好了! 4 as if , as though 以as if (as though)引导的方式状语从句或表语从句，有时用虚拟语气，若表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时；若表示与过去事实相反，用过去完成时；表示将来的可能性不大 I love you as if you were my son. 我爱你就像你是我的儿子。 若从句所内容可能为事实，也可用陈述语气。如： It seems as if we shall have to walk. 似乎我们得步行了。 5 英语中，would rather, had rather, would sooner等 之后的宾语从句常表示与客观事实不相符的一种愿望，故使用虚拟语气。 例如： I’d rather you had seen the film yesterday. 我倒想你昨天看过了这场电影。 I’d rather you were here now. 我倒想你现在在这儿。 四、主语从句中的虚拟语气 在表达惊异、惋惜、遗憾、理应如此等意义的主语从句中常使用虚拟语气，其虚拟语其的结构为： should + 动词原形，主句中的谓语动词形式不限。 如： It is important that we should do well in our lessons first. 我们先把功课学好很重要。 为什么这样翻译？ It is strange that he should not come. 很奇怪，他竟没有来。 It is a pity that we should not meet last night. 真遗憾我们昨天晚上没有见过面。 It is a pity that she should fare so badly. 她竟吃得这么差，真可怜。 It worries me that we should be blamed for that. 我们竟要受责备真让人烦恼。 It is (was) desired (suggested, settled, proposed, requested, decided, etc. ) that...句型。如： It is requested that a vote be taken. 建议付诸表决。 It is settled that you leave us, then? 那么你肯定要离开我们罗? It was proposed that this matter be considered at the next meeting. 有人提议这事下次会议再讨论。 It is desired that this rule should be brought to the attention of the staff. 希望这条规则引起全体职员的注意。 在It