经口气管插管患者不同护理方法效果比较.docVIP

经口气管插管患者不同护理方法效果比较 　　[摘要] 目的 观察针对经口气管插管患者两种不同护理方法效果的比较，为临床经口气管插管患者提供更理想的口腔护理方法。 方法 在我院普外科选择2012年11月～2013年11月经口气管插管患者60例，随机分为试验组和对照组，每组各30例。试验组患者口腔用复方氯己定漱口液棉球擦拭加生理盐水冲洗，对照组患者口腔用生理盐水棉球擦拭后冲洗，均每日3次，观察7 d内口腔异味、口腔溃疡及口腔内污垢残留情况。 结果 两组患者均未出现导管脱落、移位和误吸。统计学分析显示试验组口腔异味、口腔溃疡及口腔内污垢残留发生率明显低于对照组（P0.05）。 结论 用复方氯己定漱口液棉球擦拭加生理盐水冲洗优于直接用生理盐水擦拭后冲洗，更能减少经口气管插管患者的口腔细菌率，提高患者舒适感。 　　[关键词] 经口气管插管；口腔护理；冲洗 　　[中图分类号] R472 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701（2015）13-0137-03 　　[Abstract] Objective To observe the effects compared between two different nursing methods on patients receiving oral trachea cannula， and to provide an ideal oral care method for patients receiving clinical oral trachea cannula. Methods A total of 60 patients who received oral trachea cannula in the department of general surgery in our hospital from November 2012 to November 2013 were selected. They were randomly assigned to experiment group and control group， with 30 cases in each group. Patients in experiment group were given oral swab of cotton ball with compound chlorhexidine gargle， followed by saline wash. Patients in the control group were given oral swab of cotton ball with saline and also washed with saline. Both groups were given 3 times per day. Bad breath， oral ulcers and oral residual dirt were observed within 7 days. Results Cannula falling off， displacement and aspiration between the two groups of patients were not appeared. According to statistical analysis， incidences of bad breath， oral ulcers and oral residual dirt in the experiment group were significantly lower than those in the control group （P0.05）. Conclusion Oral swab of cotton ball with compound chlorhexidine gargle followed by saline wash are better than direct oral swab with saline before wash. The method can further reduce oral bacterial rate for patients receiving oral trachea cannula， and improve patients’ comfort. 　　[Key words] Oral trachea cannula； Oral care； Wash 　　ICU患者院内感染的首位死因是呼吸机相关性肺炎（ventilator-associated pnemonia，VAP），发生率9%～28%，病死率高达24%～