食用菌重金属污染对人体的健康风险分析.docVIP

食用菌重金属污染对人体的健康风险分析 摘要：对天津市食用菌中重金属水平进行了调查，评价其污染程度，并通过经食用菌途径重金属暴露接触对人体的健康风险进行系统评价。结果表明，食用菌中铅、镉、砷、汞含量分别为0.005～0.910 mg/kg、0.004～0.690 mg/kg、0.002～0.110 mg/kg、未检出～0.087 mg/kg。所采集的食用菌中铅、镉、砷、汞的含量均低于《GB 7096-2003食用菌卫生标准》和《NY 5095-2006无公害食品食用菌》的限量值，表明天津市场大型超市和食用菌生产基地的食用菌总体水平是安全的。重金属暴露接触对人体的健康风险评估结果表明，4种重金属元素铅、镉、砷、汞的靶标危害指数（THQ）值均低于1，即经食用菌途径摄入的铅、镉、砷、汞对天津市居民的健康风险比较低。但是THQ儿童 THQ成人，表明儿童经食用菌暴露途径摄入重金属的潜在健康风险较高。 关键词：食用菌;重金属;健康风险评价;污染评价 中图分类号：S646 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2015）02-0440-04 DOI：10.14088/ki.issn0439-8114.2015.02.047 Assessing Health Risk of Heavy Metals in Mushroom LIU Ye-tong1，2，CHEN Qiu-sheng1，2，ZHANG Qiang1，2，YIN Ping1，2，MENG Zhao-fang1，2 [1. Tianjin Institute of Agricultural Quality Standard and Testing Technology Research， Tianjin 300381， China; 2. Laboratory of Quality Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products （Tianjin）， Ministry of Agriculture， Tianjin 300381，China] Abstract： A systematic survey of Pb， Cd， As and Hg in mushrooms in Tianjin and the possible health risks of local inhabitants consuming of mushroom were analyzed based on target hazard quotients （THQ） and pollution index. The results showed that the contents of Pb， Cd， As and Hg in mushroom were 0.005～0.910 mg/kg， 0.004～0.690 mg/kg， 0.002 5～0.110 0 mg/kg and ND～0.087 mg/kg， below the threshold levels of China Quality Standard for mushrooms（GB 7096-2003 and NY 5095-2006）. The available edible mushrooms at supermarkets and in growing areas of Tianjin were generally safe. The health risks associated with heavy metal were assessed based on the target hazard quotients （THQ） of four heavy metals in mushrooms. All the THQ were less than 1， indicating that the local inhabitants had a relatively low potential of health risk by intaking heavy metals via consumption of these mushrooms. THQchildren THQadult indicated that health risks for children caused by heavy metals were bigger than that for adults. Key words：mushroom; heavy metal; health risk assessment; pollution evaluation 食用菌自古以来被称为山珍，其味道鲜美，富含蛋白质、氨基酸、多糖