德州市一次春季暴雪过程诊断分析.docVIP

德州市一次春季暴雪过程诊断分析 　　摘要 利用常规气象资料、micaps3.2数值模式产品剖面图和多普勒雷达资料，对2013年4月19―20日发生在德州市的春季暴雪天气过程进行了综合诊断分析。结果表明：此次暴雪天气过程的主要影响系统是低槽东移时与北方冷空气结合而形成的回流降雪，暴雪产生在500～700 hPa槽前西南气流的前部、850 hPa东南风与东北风的辐合区域；中上层的西南风急流和低层的东南风气流为暴雪的产生提供了源源不断的暖湿空气，高层辐散、低层辐合以及较强的上升运动为暴雪的产生提供了有利的动力条件；此外降水相态与850 hpa的温度场（-4 ℃线）对应较好，同时925 hPa气温低于0 ℃、地面温度低于2 ℃或者0 ℃层高度明显低于925 hPa也可以作为雨雪相态转换的判据之一。 　　关键词 春季暴雪；诊断分析；物理量场；雨雪相态转换；山东德州 　　中图分类号 P426.63+4 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-5739（2014）05-0264-02 　　Diagnostic Analysis on a Spring Blizzard in Dezhou City 　　CHEN Hua-kai CUI Miao ZHOU Cheng 　　（Dezhou Meteorological Bureau in Shandong Province，Dezhou Shangdong 253078） 　　Abstract Using conventional meteorological data，micaps 3.2 numerical model product profile and doppler radar data，a spring blizzard weather process in Dezhou City on April 19th to 20th，2013 was integrated diagnosis analyzed. Results showed that the main influencing system of the blizzard weather process was low trough eastward with the north cold air to form a backflow snow，blizzard produced before the trough of the southwest airflow between 500 hPa and 700 hPa，and convergence area of southeast and northeast wind of 850 hPa. Upper-middle-class southwest jet and the low-level southeast blast provided a steady stream of warm moist air for blizzard′s production. High-level divergence，low-level convergence and strong upward movement provided the favorable dynamic conditions for blizzard. In addition，precipitation phase and 850 hPa temperature（-4 ℃ line） corresponded well. It could be used as one of the phase transformation and criterion that the 925 hPa temperature was lower than 0 ℃，the ground temperature was lower than 2 ℃，and 0 ℃ layer height was significantly below 925 hPa. 　　Key words spring blizzard；diagnostic analysis；physical quantity；precipitation phase transformation；Dezhou Shandong 　　暴雪是引发我国自然灾害的主要天气现象之一，许多暴雪是在特定的大尺度环流背景下，由各个尺度的系统相互作用造成的[1-2]。国内目前对强降雪的研究比较多，陈爱玉等[3]研究表明，春季暴雪均伴强寒潮而产生，暴雪发生在干湿区交界的湿区一侧。盛春岩等[4]研究表明，暴雪产生在对称不稳定大气中，低空急流促使对流层低层暖湿气流辐合上升，触发