外研版英语必修五grammar-2.pptVIP

Complete the sentences. All languages ______ over a period of time. English ___________ very rapidly. How many people _____ Chinese? I ___________American English is very different from British English. Complete the sentences with since and for. English grammar has not changed much ____ the time of Shakespeare. The American spelling system has existed ____ about 200 years. I have been studying English ______ I was in primary school. * Grammar change develop speak think watch grow study change is developing speak don’t think 5. Millions of people _____ satellite TV every day. 6. The percentage of non-English web pages __________. 7. What languages ___ people ____ in China? 8. What ____ you _________this year? watch is growing do study are studying 难点剖析： 一般过去时和现在完成时的比较 1. 一般过去时表示过去的动作或存在的状态，与现在无关；而现在完成时表示过去的动作对现在所造成的影响或结果，或表示动作从过去某时持续到现在，与现在有联系。试比较： I opened the window. (现在不一定开着) I’ve just opened the window. (现在仍然开着) 2. 现在完成时的着眼点不是动作发生的时间，而是动作的结果，因此不能和表示确定的过去时间状语连用，但可与already，just，yet，ever，never，these days，since…，for…，in the past few days等连用； 而一般过去时则着眼于动作发生的时间，因此若句中有表示过去的时间状语，如yesterday, a moment ago, last night, just now, in 1991等，就要用一般过去时，而不能用现在完成时。如： —Have you had your breakfast yet？ —Yes. I had it at six. 一般过去时与过去完成时的用法区别 1.一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，而过去完成时则表示动作或存在的状态是在过去某一时间以前发生的，即“过去的过去”。如： I went to bed after I had finished my homework． 2) By the end of last term, we had learned eight hundred English words． 3) He told me that he had done the work． 2. 表示连续的动作常用and，but，then等连接（动作发生的先后顺序有时可由动词的词汇意义来表示），这一动作通常用一般过去时，而不用过去完成时。例如： 1) Mr Smith came in, changed his clothes and went out again． 2) He bought a pen and lost it． 3. 过去完成时常与by the end of last week (month，year…), by last week (month…), 或before／when从句连用。试比较： When we got to the station, the train had already left． 2) He finished the work yesterday. 1. 现在完成进行时和现在完成时皆可表示动作对现在产生的结果，但前者所表示的结果是直接的，而后者所表示的则是最后的结果。如：We have been cleaning the classroom． 我们打扫教室