狗牙根和双穗雀稗根中质外体屏障结构发育过程的比较研究.docVIP

狗牙根和双穗雀稗根中质外体屏障结构发育过程的比较研究 　　摘要：狗牙根（Cynodon dactylon）和双穗雀稗（Paspalum distichum）幼嫩期根中质外体屏障结构包括内侧的内皮层细胞壁的凯氏带、栓质层和木质层；外侧的外皮层细胞壁的凯氏带、栓质层和木质层。成熟根中质外体屏障结构包括内侧的内皮层细胞壁的凯氏带、栓质层、木质层和靠近内皮层栓质化和木质化的1～2层皮层细胞；外侧的仍为外皮层细胞壁的凯氏带、栓质层和木质层。不同点在于双穗雀稗幼嫩期根表皮细胞有扩散状栓质层，而且内皮层木质化较迟；狗牙根靠近内皮层栓质化和木质化的1～2层皮层细胞沉积很早。 　　关键词：狗牙根（Cynodon dactylon）；双穗雀稗（Paspalum distichum）；质外体屏障结构；组织化学；时空发育 　　中图分类号：S688.4 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2013）20-4991-04 　　The Developmental Comparison of Apoplastic Barriers in Cynodon dactylon and Paspalum distichum Roots 　　ZHANG Xia1，YANG Chao-dong1，NING Guo-gui2 　　（1.College of Gardening and Horticulture， Yangtze University，Jingzhou 434025，Hubei，China； 　　2.College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences， Huazhong Agricultural University，Wuhan 430070，China） 　　Abstract： The apoplastic barriers of the Cynodon dactylon and Paspalum distichum roots are consisted of two layers at young development stage. The inner layer is the endodermis with Casparian walls， suberin lamellae and lignified secondary cell walls. The outer is the exodermis with Casparian walls， suberin lamellae and lignified. The apoplastic barriers of the matured roots of the two species also had two layers with the inner endodermis of Casparian walls， suberin lamellae， lignified secondary cell walls， the suberized and lignified cortex cell walls adjacent to endodermis and the outer exodermis of Casparian walls， suberin lamellae and lignified. The difference is the epidermis cell of the Paspalum distichum having diffused suberin in young roots and the endodermis is lignified very later. The suberized and lignified cortex cell walls adjacent to endodermis of the Cynodon dactylon is lignified very early. 　　Key words： Cynodon dactylon； Paspalum distichum； apoplastic barriers； histochemistry； spatio-temporal development 　　湿地植物和水生植物也称为“防水植物”，质外体屏障结构防止水环境中过多水分、离子对植物造成危害，体内氧气扩散到环境中去[1，2]。通气组织为湿地植物各组织器官储藏、输导氧气的重要结构，使植物受到洪水胁迫后继续进行正常生命活动而存活[3]。试验证实植物体内氧气常在根的根尖和侧根穿过皮层的部位，根茎的茎尖和鳞叶部位有释放，称之为径向氧损失（ROL）[4，5]，而且细胞膜的水通道蛋白既是水分子通道，也是