英汉双语弹性力学1.ppt

图示单元体面的法线为y,称为y面，应力分量垂直于单元体面的应力称为正应力。 正应力记为σy,沿y轴的正向为正,其下标表示所沿坐标轴的方向。 σy x y z o 图1-6 （2）符号规定： 平行于单元体面的应力称为切应力，用 、 表示，其第一下标y表示所在的平面，第二下标x、z分别表示沿坐标轴的方向。如图1－6所示的 、 。 The components of the stress on other x,z positive surface is shown in Fig.1-7. The stress on positive surface is positive along the positive direction of coordinates, and is negative athwart the positive direction of coordinates. Fig.1-7 其它x、z正面上的应力分量的表示如图1－7所示。 凡正面上的应力沿坐标正向为正，逆坐标正向为负。 图1-7 The stress that paralleling the surface of the unit is shown likeτyx、τyz in Fig.1-8,which is positive along the negative direction of x axis and z axis. Fig.1-8 Fig.1-8 shows that the normal of the surface of the unit is the negative direction of y, the positive stress is recorded ,which is positive along the negative direction of y axis. 平行于单元体面的应力如图示的τyx、τyz，沿x轴、z轴的负向为正。 图1-8 图1－8所示单元体面的法线为y的负向，正应力记为 ,沿y轴负向为正。 Elasticity （3）Noticing the slicing stress sign of elasticity is distinguishing with material mechanics.Generally the slicing stress is positive in elasticity, such as the Fig.1-9shows.However, the sign closing both sides is different in material mechanics. Material Mechanics We should draw stress circle according to the sign provision of material mechanics. Fig.1-9 弹性力学 材料力学 （3）注意弹性力学切应力符号和材料力学是有区别的，图1－9中，弹性力学里，切应力都为正，而材料力学中相邻两面的的符号是不同的。 在画应力圆时，应按材料力学的符号规定。 图1-9 2.Shearing stress：In Fig.1-5, the orthogonal changes of the line segment PA,PB,PC are means with the radian, which is called shearing stress.Shearing stress is shown respectively by , , . 3.Strain The strain is the changes of the shape.The strain of the object may come down to the changes of the length and the angle. 1.Positive strain：In Fig.1-5 the flex of the line segment PA,PB,PC per-unit length, namely unit flexible or opposite flex, which is called positive strain, positive strain is shown respectively by , , . P Fig.1-5 2.切应变：图1-5中线段PA、PB、PC之间的直角