初三英语Module10知识精讲　外研社（初中起点）.doc

初三英语Module 10知识精讲　外研社（初中起点） 【同步教育信息】 一. 本周教学内容： Module 10 二. 教学重难点 熟练准确地掌握本模块的短语与句型 三. 语法：主动语态变被动语态的方法： 1. 主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语，人称代词要变为主格形式；主动语态的主语变为被动语态中by后的宾语，人称代词要变为宾格形式。 2. 主动语态中的谓语动词要改为与之时态保持一致的被动语态结构形式，而且还要注意被动语态的谓语要与主语保持人称和数的一致。 3. 在主动语态中，一些表示感官或使让意义的动词（如：feel, hear, let, make, have, see, watch, help等）后面的宾语补足语若是动词不定式时，要用不带to的不定式形式，但把这样的主动结构变为被动结构时必须把动词不定式的符号to再加上，即要还原to。 例：Li Feng make the baby stop crying. The baby was made to stop crying by Li Feng. We often see him run along the road in the morning. He was often seen to run along the road(by us) in the morning. 4. 有些动词（如give, pass, lend, send, teach, tell, ask等）后面跟有双宾语（即直接宾语和间接宾语），在变成被动语态时有两种情况：“一种是用直接宾语作为被动语态的主语，此时间接宾语的前面一般要加介词to;另一种是用间接宾语作主语，此时不用再加to。 例：She gave me a book for my birthday. I was given a book for my birthday(by her). A book was given to me for my birthday(by her). Henry passed me the ball . I was passed the ball by Henry. I lent him some money. He was lent some money by me. Some money was lent to him by me. 5. 及物动词need, want等词后面可以接动名词v—ing形式的主动语态结构来表示被动的含义，意思是“需要（被）……”，一般是用物来作主语。它也可以用不定式的被动语态结构形式来替代。 例：Your shoes are broken .They need repairing. The dirty walls want painting. The young trees need taking good care of. The floor of our classroom needs cleaning. The floor of our classroom needs to be cleaned . The young trees need to be taken good care of. The dirty walls want to be painted. Your shoes are broken. They need to be repaired. 四. 词和短语 1. find information on Lu Xun 找到关于鲁迅的信息 2. follow me 跟我来 3. Reference Section of library 图书馆的参考书目区 4. do a project on him 做一个关于他的课题 5. rewrite one of his stories for my school magazine 为我的校园杂志重写一个他的故事 6. a short passage 一篇短文 7. the best place to find this information 找到这类信息的最好的地方 8. photocopy some pages from the books. 从书上影印几页 9. be not allowed to do 不被允许做 10. ask the librarian to help me 让图书管理员来帮助我 11. look it up in these books 在这些书里查找它 12. original family name 原名