IS TOURISM JUST COLONIALISM IN ANOTHER GUISE.doc

IS TOURISM JUST COLONIALISM IN ANOTHER GUISE 旅游业是另一种形式的殖民主义吗？ By DAVID NICHOLSON-LORD Tourism has seriously damaged fragile ecosystems like the Alps, the winter skiing playground of Europe, and the trekking areas of the Himalayas. Worldwide, it poses a serious threat to coastal habitats like dunes, mangrove forests and coral reefs. It fuels a booming and usually illegal trade in the products of threatened wildlife, from tortoiseshell(甲壳, 玳瑁） and coral to ivory. 旅游业已严重损害脆弱的生态系统，如阿尔卑斯山，欧洲冬季滑雪游乐场，喜马拉雅山 的徒步地区。 旅游业在世界范围内对 沙丘、红树林和珊瑚礁等沿海栖息地构成了严重威胁。 它助长了 一个很蓬勃的而且通常是对于濒危野生动物产品的非法交易，这些包括玳瑁，珊瑚和象牙。 Its consumers inevitably bring their habits and expectations with them--whether its hot showers and flush toilets or well-watered greens for golfers. 它的“消费者”，不可避免地带来他们的生活习惯和与他们的期 -望—无论是热水淋浴和抽水马桶或浇水果岭的球手。 In the Himalayas, showers for trekkers often mean firewood, which means deforestation. In Hawaii and Barbados, it was found that each tourist used between six and ten times as much water and electricity as a local. In Goa villagers forced to walk to wells for their water had to watch as a pipeline to a new luxury hotel was built through their land. 在喜马拉雅山淋浴跋涉往往意味着柴火，这意味着砍伐森林。在夏威夷和巴巴多斯有人发现，每一位游客比当地的居民使用六到十倍的水和电。 在果阿被迫步行到口井打水的村民只能眼睁睁看着这些水管，他们就像一个建在他们的土地上并通往一个豪华旅馆的通道。 Over the past decade golf, because of its appetite for land, water and herbicides, has emerged as one of the biggest culprits, so much so that golf wars have broken out in parts of Southeast Asia; campaigners in Japan, one of the chief exponents of golf tourism, have launched an annual World No Golf Day. 在过去十年中的高尔夫球场，由于对土地、水和除草剂的需求，已经出现的最大的罪魁祸首之一，以至于“高尔夫球场战争”已经在东南亚部分地区爆发； 在日本运动家，高尔夫旅游的主要代表人物之一， 相继推出了一年一度的世界无高尔夫球日。 This is not to say tourism cant do some good--but the cost-benefit equation is complex. Historic monuments, houses and gardens thrive on visitors. Throughout much of the world, but notably in southern and eastern Africa, tourism underpins the survival of wildlife. Why else would small farmers put up with ele