改造苏d的情况studyfromthe u k u n e s c o h e我（ retrofitting su d s a case studyfromthe u k- u n e s c o- i h e）.docVIP

How to Retrofit Sustainable Storm-water management: A Case Study from the UK Andrew Swan * a * Civil Engineering, School of the Built Environment, Leeds Metropolitan University, The Northern Terrace, Queen Square Court, Civic Quarter, Leeds LS1 3HE, UK a formerly at the Department of Civil Structural Engineering, University of Sheffield Abstract This paper explores the relationship between increased urbanisation and subsequent capacity problems within drainage infrastructure. The respective merits of resolving these problems using: i.) ‘quick fix’ engineered solutions; and ii.) long-term ‘planning-based’ remedial measures are investigated for UK catchments. Within the UK a ‘quick fix’ approach would often involve the provision of in-sewer storage (e.g. a storage chamber or oversized sewer pipes) to store excess flows, releasing them back into the sewer later for subsequent conveyance to a treatment facility or outfall. SuDS retrofitting may represent an attractive alternative to this ‘hard engineering’ approach, but has proved difficult to implement within the UK’s current regulatory framework. A systematic ‘planning-based’ approach, on the other hand, involving the imposition of ‘pre-urbanised’ (green-field), or even stricter, runoff restrictions to all new developments (or redevelopments) within urban areas could incrementally reduce the storm-water runoff entering the system over time. Historical maps are used to demonstrate how the case study catchment has become increasingly urbanised over the last 50 years; and a simple modelling exercise demonstrates how this process has been directly responsible for exacerbating the catchment’s flooding problems. The case study also demonstrates practical opportunities for reducing or resolving the flooding problems with ‘quick fix’ engineered solutions, retrofit options, and long-term ‘planning-based’ remedial measures. These issues are specifically illustrated for a UK case study containing known ‘surface wate