ppt课件-e a r t h s c i e n c e s o l r e v i e w- harrisonburg city public（e r t h s c i e n c e s o l r e v e w -州城市公众）.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Metamorphic Rocks Metamorphic Rocks are formed from heat and pressure on existing rocks. Contact metamorphism—small area in contact with an igneous intrusion “bakes” the rock and changes it. Regional metamorphism—large area changed due to heat and pressure. Usually with mountains. Foliated texture (shown)—bands or layers of minerals. SCHIST, SLATE, GNEISS Nonfoliated texture—no layers. These rocks have made a complete atomic change. MARBLE, QUARTZITE Sedimentary Rocks Sedimentary rocks form from rock fragments or organic matter, or are formed by chemical precipitation. Weathering, erosion, cementation, and compaction are the processes of sedimentary rock formation. They build up in layers called strata, and fossils are found in them. Types of Sedimentary Rocks Clastic rocks—made of fragments of other rocks Conglomerate (pictured)—rounded pebbles; Sandstone—sand; Shale—made of compacted clays Organic rocks—made from past living sources Limestone—microscopic sea animals; Coal (pictured)—fossilized swamp plant material Chemical rocks—formed from precipitation or evaporation of liquids Limestone—cave structures; Halides and Rock Salt (pictured)—evaporation of water Weathering, Erosion, and Deposition Mechanical Weathering -broken down Into pieces without a chemical change Frost (Ice) Wedging Chemical Weathering -changed into Something chemically different Example: Oxidation (rust) Erosion—the breakdown and transport of Earth materials by wind, water, waves, gravity, glaciers. Erosion is greatest in high relief areas (steep). Greatest agent of erosion is water. Glaciers erode by plucking, wind erodes by abrasion and deflation, and gravity creates mass movements like slump, creep, mudflows, and rockslides. Deposition—the dropping of Earth materials after energy of motion of agent of erosion decreases to the point where it