ppt课件-op amp circuits- keith e. holbert（运算放大器电路,keith e . holbert）.pptVIP

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ppt课件-op amp circuits- keith e. holbert（运算放大器电路,keith e . holbert）.ppt

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Lect9 EEE 202 Lecture 9 Dr. Holbert EEE 202 Op Amp Circuits Dr. Holbert February 13, 2008 Digital Meters and Oscilloscopes Most multimeters and oscilloscopes are now digital A digital multimeter or a digital oscilloscope has an analog-to-digital (A/D) converter Most digital meters and all digital oscilloscopes have one or more processors Data Acquisition Systems In many applications, digital meters and scopes are being replaced by data acquisition cards that fit into a computer The data acquisition cards have A/D converters The computer provides processing and storage for the data A Generic Digital Meter Voltage Measurements Model for Meter The ideal meter measures the voltage across its inputs. No current flows into the ideal meter; it has infinite input resistance Meter Loading The 10MW meter resistance in parallel with R may change the voltage that you measure Loading When measuring the voltage across R, we need to make sure that R is much less than 10 MW If R is close to 10 MW, significant current flows through the meter, changing the voltage across R Loading Example Without Meter: voltage is 100 V With Meter: measured voltage is 83.3 V Current Measurements Measuring Large Currents ( 100 mA) The current to be measured is passed through a small resistor (called a shunt resistor) and the resulting voltage across the shunt resistor is measured From the voltage, the current can be computed Meter Loading The Rs shunt resistance in series with R may change the current that you measure The Voltage Follower Without a Voltage Follower vA/D is not equal to vs Op-Amp Review The ideal op-amp model leads to the following conditions: i+ = i– = 0 v+ = v– The op amp will set the output voltage to whatever value results in the same voltages at the inputs Op-Amp Review To solve an op-amp circuit, we usually apply KCL (nodal analysis) at one or both of the inputs We then invoke the consequences of the ideal model We solve for the op-amp output voltage With a Voltage Follower v