ppt课件-v o l c a n i c g e o l o g y（v o l c n i c g e o l o g y）.pptVIP

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2017-01-25 发布于四川
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ppt课件-v o l c a n i c g e o l o g y（v o l c n i c g e o l o g y）.ppt

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GEOLOGICAL AND GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION Dr. Ahmed Ali Madani Associate Professor Tel. (off.): 64324 E-mail:aamadani18@ cairogers2005@ Overview of Exploration Geology Exploration geology is the process and science of locating valuable mineral or petroleum deposits, ie, those which have commercial value.? The term “prospecting” is almost synonymous with the term “exploration”.? Mineral deposits of commercial value are called “ore bodies” (compared to commercially viable deposits of oil which are called “oil fields”).? This course will be focused largely on mineral exploration, although many of the same techniques are used in petroleum exploration.? The initial signs of potentially significant mineralization are called “prospects”.? Through the exploration process, the prospect is investigated to acquire more and more detailed information.? The goal is to prove the existence of an ore body (or oil field in the case of petroleum exploration) which can be mined (or “developed”).? The exploration process typically occurs in stages, with early stages focusing on gathering surface data (which is easier to acquire), and later stages focusing on gathering subsurface data, including drilling data and detailed geophysical survey data. Determining the value of an ore body (or “deposit”) requires determining two main features:? 1) “tonnage” (or volume), and 2)? “grade” (or concentration).? The volume is determined by using drill data to outline the deposit in the subsurface, and by using a geometric models to calculate the volume.? If the ore body is exposed at the surface, then the dimensions of length and width can be gathered at the surface, possibly with the aid of some trenching or blasting methods.? However, most of the volume which must be defined is typically located at depth and requires the use of extensive drilling or underground excavation methods to define.? The volume is difficult to delineate because ore deposits often have irregular shapes.? The “grade”