虚拟语气与强调句型讲义.docxVIP

虚拟语气虚拟语气表示动作或状态是说话人的主观愿望、假设、猜测或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。主要用于条件句、让步状语从句和表示建议的名词性从句中。（一）与事实相反的假设1. 虚拟条件句谓语动词的构成形式：条件状语从句（if）（以do为例）主句与现在事实相反did(be→were)would/should/could/might do与过去事实相反had donewould/should/could/might have done与将来事实相反A：did（were）B：were to doC：should dowould/should/could/might do例如：If I were you, I should study English.If you had taken my advice, you wouldn’t have failed in the examination.If it were to rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off. 2.当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间来调整。例如：If you had worked hard, you wouldn’t be very tired now. (从句说的是过去，主句指的是现在)3.条件句中省略if， 把were, had, should提到句首，形成倒装。例如：Were I in school again, I would work harder. Had you been here earlier, you would have seen him.Should there be a meeting tomorrow, I would come.4其它方式表示。(1)虚拟语气在as if (as though)、even if (even though)等引导的表语从句或状语从句中的应用如果从句表示的动作发生在过去，用过去完成时，指现在状况，则用过去时，指将来则用过去将来时。例如：He speaks English so fluently as if he had studied English in England.Even if he were here, he could not solve the problem.(2)But for your help(without your help), I would have failed.(3)I am glad I studied. Otherwise, I would have failed.针对练习1. But for their help, we__________ the program in time. A. can not finish B. will not finish C. had not finished D. could not have finished2. If it were not for the fact that she _______ sing, I would invite her to the party.A. couldntB. shouldnt C. cantD. might not 3. If she _______ sing, I would invite her to the party.A. couldB. shouldC. canD. might 4. I didnt see your sister at the meeting. If she ______, she would have met my brother.A. has comeB. did come C. cameD. had come5. —If he ________, he _______that food.—Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately. A. was warned; would not take B. had been warned; would not have takenC. would be warned; had not taken D. would have been warned; had not taken6. Though the girl had been suffering from the blood disease, she acted as if nothing ____ to her whi