世界贸易组织概论（英文版）Chapter 1 The Establishment and Law of the WTO.ppt

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世界贸易组织概论（英文版）Chapter 1 The Establishment and Law of the WTO.ppt

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Singapore issue Developed Members and developing Members have different provisions on Singapore issue, and finally Members agreed to begin negotiations on trade facilitation, but not on the other three Singapore issues. 4. Some plans of DDA A first step along the road to final agreement was reached on 1 August 2004. The Sixth WTO Ministerial Conference was held in Hong Kong, 13-18 December 2005, and Hong Kong Ministerial Declaration was adopted in the meeting. 1.1.3 The differences between WTO and GATT The GATT was the most important multilateral instrument for world trade, but this one was a set of rules and a multilateral agreement with no institutional foundation; meanwhile the WTO was established as a permanent institution. The GATT was applied on a provisional basis; meanwhile the WTO commitments are full and permanent. Besides, the GATT rules are applied to trade in merchandise, and in addition to merchandise, the WTO rules cover trade in services and trade-related aspects of intellectual property. The countries joined in GATT were called contracting parties, but the countries and areas participating in WTO were called Members. The dispute settlement mechanism of the WTO is faster, more effective, much more authoritative, and thus much less susceptible to blockages, than the dispute settlement system of the GATT. While the GATT was a multilateral instrument, by the 1980s many new agreements had been added as plurilateral agreements. In the case of the WTO, almost all the agreements that constitute this organization are multilateral. Case1.1The Interests of WTO Members:A Perspective from the Hong Kong Ministerial Conference Doha Development Agenda was the first round of multilateral trade negotiations with China’s participation in making the rules of international trade. However, it was not smooth to launch the negotiations, the contradiction between developed members and developing members was one of the main reasons. three main factors account for the d