专业英语 第六章第一篇yyj.docVIP

UNIT 6 Designing Underground Houses for the Site（根据场地设计地下房屋） Although it is poor practice to ignore site conditions when designing aboveground houses, it is a much more serious error to fail to design for the site when going underground. Water problems are often the result of poor integration with the site, as are excessive costs resulting from unexpectedly hitting solid rock, from excessive modifications to grade and frdni increase! structural requirements. Insulation needs, solar capability and room layouts are also site related. This chapter examines these interactions between site and design so that you can begin the long road to the selection of a plan and structural design that will provide the most house for the least cost. 译文： 虽然在设计地上房屋时忽视现场条件，但这是一个非常严重的错误，特别在地下的时候，这是一个非常严重的错误。水的问题常常是与场地不融合的结果，成本过高是由于意外击中坚硬的岩石，过度修改原先设计安排和增加结构的要求。绝缘的需要，利用太阳能能力和房间布局也与现场场地有关。本章探讨了现场场地和设计之间的相互作用，使您可以开始长期规划选择一个方案和结构设计，建设成本最低的房子。 Uderground Constraints 地下的限制 Robert A. Heinleins acronym. TANSTAAFL (There Are No Such Thing As A Free Lunch), aptly applies to an underground structure. While we enjoy many advantages in the underground house, there are also certain limitations that m^y affect those advantages123. A common structural constraint is that which limits the .span of ceiling sections between supporting walls or columns. For example, conventionally poured reinforced- concrete roofs usually require a support every 10 to 20 feet, according to the roofs structural design, while a posttensioned roof panel may span 20 to 30 feet without the need for columns or interior structural walls. 译文： Robert A. Heinleins的缩写词TANSTAAFL(天下没有免费的午餐),恰当地适用于地下结构。当我们享受地下建筑的众多优越性时，（应知道）也存在某些限制因素会对这些优越性产生影响。 一个共同的结构约束是，限制了跨度之间的天花板部分的支持墙或列。例如，传统的现浇钢筋混凝土屋顶通常需要支持每10到20英尺，根据屋顶的结构设计，在后张法预应力屋面板可能跨越20到30英尺的无柱或内部结构墙的需要。 Site related constraints are common.Sloping sites tend to dictate drainage patterns, wall placements and exposures. Sites wi