动名词起主语作用。.ppt

英语语法讲座系列之五 动名词非谓语动词形式之一 构成与特征 1.构成 动词原形 + ing 2.特征 兼有名词和动词的特征和作用 名词特征与作用 主要表现在于 在句子中充当了主语或者宾语，还可以受形容词，代词和名词的修饰，前面也可以加冠词 1.1：作主语 Talking like that is not polite.?? 那样谈话不礼貌。 Learning from others is important .?? 向别人学习很重要。 Note: A. no use, useless, no good, fun, nice, interesting 等名词或形容词做表语时，可用it做形式主语(subject in form)，把作主语的动名词后置。 1.It is dangerous your swimming in this river. 3.It’s great fun _______ (sail) a boat. 4.It’s so nice ________ (sit) here with you. 5.It’s useless _______ (speak). B.there is no +动名词 此结构表示：“不可能，无法”，相当于： “it is impossible to do ” 结构，这种结构中，动名词起主语作用。 There is no bearing with such a rude man. Let’s do it together: 这样的人不可信。 1.2 作表语 His hobby is collecting stamps。 他的爱好是收集邮票。 His aim is everybody having a good time. 他的目的是大家都玩得愉快。 例题分析 1.The teacher doesn’t permit ______ (smoke) in class. 1.3作动词的宾语 动词后加动名词doing作宾语 V. + doing sth He admitted taking the watch.他承认拿了手表。 Note: A.一些动词的后面既可以接动名词，也可以接不定式，意义并没有改变，如： begin start cease continue intend can’t bear I began to work. I began working. I can’t bear waiting. I can’t bear to wait. B.动名词表示一般习惯，抽象概念，泛指已成为过去的动作，时间概念不强，不是某一次动作。 动词不定式所表示的动作则往往是具体的或特定的动作，或是现在或将来的动作。 They prefer staying indoors when the weather is cold. Would you prefer to stay at home this evening? C.使用动名词与不定式，意义完全不同 He stopped talking. He stopped to talk. Please remember to post the letters. I remember posting your letters. remember (forget) to do remember (forget) doing regret to do regret doing try to do try doing 我很遗憾地说，我明天必须走了。 I __________ I must leave tomorrow. 他将试做一个模型船。 He’ll _________ a model ship. 1.4 作介词的宾语 He left the room without saying goodbye to us all. 常见的词组包括： give up depend on succeed in put off devote to get used to look forward to object to 1.5 做定语及状语 A.动名词有时也可以做定语。 No one is allowed to speak aloud in the reading room.阅览室里不准大声说话。 B .虽然动名词本身不能做状语，但放在介词后面可起状语作用。 1.After getting up in the morning, he went out for a walk. 2.They went out to the front by r