虚拟语气用法复习.pptVIP

虚拟语气用法小结 一、虚拟条件句 1.If引导的非真实条件句(以动词do为例) 在现在时中，从句用过去时did (be用were) ，主句用should (would, could, might) +do 在将来时中，从句用过去时did (should do, were to do) ，主句用should (would, could, might) + do 在过去时中，从句用had done，主句用should (would, could, might) + had done 例如： If I were you, I would consider their proposal. ( 与现在事实相反) If I were to do it, I would do it another way. (与将来事实相反) She would have come if she hadn’t been so busy. (与过去事实相反) 2.Suppose / supposing相当于what if可引出虚拟条件句，例如： Suppose I accepted this offer. 假如我接受这个帮助，你会怎么说。 Supposing the train were late, what should we do? 假如火车晚点，我们怎么办？ 3. 如果条件句中的渭语动词含有were, had或should, 有时可省略if, 将were, had或should移至主语的前面。例如： Had he come a little earlier, I might have met him. Were he to leave tomorrow, I would go with him. 4. 错综时间的虚拟条件句 句中主、从句的虚拟语气的形式，根据主、从句不同的时间情况用适当的形式来表示。例如： If you had spoken to him last time you saw him, you would know what to do now. 如果你上次看到他时跟他说一下，现在就知道怎么做了。(从句和过去相反，主句和现在相反) If I were you, I wouldn’t have missed the film last night. 要是我是你，我就不会错过昨晚的那场电影了。(从句和现在相反，主句和过去相反) 5. 含蓄虚拟条件句 无if从句的出现而用其他的形式表现出虚拟的意义。例如： Without his help, I couldn’t have done it. 没有他的帮助，我不可能完成它。 But for the rain we would have had a pleasant journey. (要不是下雨，我们的旅途会很愉快。 二. 虚拟语气出现在名词性从句中，表示愿望、建议、命令或请求 用于宾语从句中。请熟记下列动词： suggest, order, demand, propose, command, request, desire, insist, advise, beg, decide, deserve, determine, prefer, recommend, require, urge, vote, ask, desire, suppose, move… 上述动词后接宾语从句时，其谓语动词均采用(should)+ 动词原形来表示虚拟语气。 1、例如： I suggest that he (should) go at once. In the past man generally preferred that their wives work at home. 2、用于主语从句中 It is desired (suggested, requested, ordered, decided, arranged, recommended…) that… It is strange (necessary, incredible, urgent, possible, essential, advisable, natural, important, preferable, ridiculous, vital, insistent, best, better…) that… It is a pity (shame, must…) that… 上述结构引起的主语从句中谓语动词采用(should)+ 动词原形构成虚拟语气。 例如： It is necessary that he be sent to prison at once. It is best that workers have a pl