老年性支气管哮喘的临床分析.docVIP

老年性支气管哮喘的临床分析 　　[摘要] 目的 探讨老年性支气管哮喘的临床特点与治疗结果。 方法 选取2012年1月～2014年12月于我院呼吸内科住院治疗的81例急性发作期支气管哮喘患者为研究对象，根据年龄分为老年组和成年组，进行回顾性分析。结果 老年组哮喘患者中有家族史者少（29.3%），有吸烟史者多（75.6%），诱因以呼吸道感染为常见（78.0%），临床表现多为咳嗽、喘息、脓痰，且基础病、并发症多，疾病严重程度分级以中、重度为主，临床治疗难度大，预后不良，与成年组相比，差异具有统计学意义（P0.05）。结论 老年人哮喘发病常不典型，有其独特的临床表现；重视哮喘教育与管理，可提高老年性支气管哮喘的防治水平，改善老年患者生存质量。 　　[关键词] 支气管哮喘；老年人；临床分析；哮喘教育；哮喘管理 　　[中图分类号] R562.25 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701（2015）31-0023-03 　　Clinical analysis of senile bronchial asthma 　　ZHANG Xiaojie 　　Department of Respiratory Medicine， the Affiliated Hospital of Chifeng College in Inner Mongolia， Chifeng 024005， China 　　[Abstract] Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and treatment results of senile bronchial asthma. Methods Eighty-one patients with acute exacerbation of bronchial asthma were retrospectively analyzed from January 2012 to December 2014. According to the age， the patients were divided into elderly group and the adult group. Results The older group of patients had less family history of asthma （29.3%）， and had more history of smoking （75.6%）. It was a common cause of respiratory tract infections（accounting for 78.0%）. Clinical manifestations were cough， wheezing， purulent sputum， and underlying disease， complications， severity of disease classification with moderate to severe based， clinical treatment was difficult， prognosis was poor. Compared with the adult group， the difference was statistically significant （P0.05）. Conclusion Senile asthma has its unique clinical manifestations， often not typical； Emphasis on asthma education and management can improve the prevention and treatment of older with bronchial asthma， improve the quality of elderly patients. 　　[Key words] Bronchial asthma； The elderly； Clinical analysis； Asthma education； Asthma management 　　支气管哮喘是一种以慢性气道炎症为本质特征的可预防和治疗的疾病，是呼吸系统最常见的慢性疾病之一。随着社会老龄化的日益加重，中国老龄人口亦越来越多，老年人群中支气管哮喘的发病率和病死率呈逐年增高的趋势，已成为社会重要疾病负担之一。由于老年人各种生理机能均处于衰退状态，其临床表现常不典型，自我感觉迟钝，导致患者就诊晚、病情重、变化快，而治疗难度相对较高，预后不良。本文通过老年人与成年人哮喘患者