不同训练模式对跟腱组织结构影响的实验研究及其对军事训练的指导意义.pdfVIP

· 292 · 解放军医学杂志2004年4月第29卷第4 i 垒垒2型 ! ! ! 不同训练模式对跟腱组织结构影响的实验研究及其对军事训练的指导意义 471031洛阳 全军军事训练医学研究所 黄昌林 张建党 薛 刚 摘 要 目的 观察跟腱在不同训练模式下生物力学性能的改变，探讨跟腱末端病的发生发展规律及其在外力作用下塑形改建的 特点，并据此对军事训练提出相应的预防措施。方法 在特制的兔跑跳装置中，采用不同负荷和时间的训练模式对成年兔进行训练，切 取跟腱及其末端区，进行组织学、超微结构观察和生物力学检测。结果 跟腱在训练周期的第4周存在结构薄弱期，而且训练负荷对跟 腱生物力学性能的影响比时间更明显。结论 过度负荷是跟腱损伤及其末端病发生的主要原因，强调循环训练法对预防军事训练损伤 有积极意义。 关键词 军事训练；跟腱；损伤 中国图书资料分类号 R87 An experimental study of influence of different仃aillil唱plarts oll changes in structure of Achillis tendon and its significance in military train~ Huang Changlin。Zhang Jiandang，Xue Gang．Institute of Military Training Related Medical Science of PLA，Luoy— ang 471031，China Abstract Objective To evaluate the characteristics of remodeling of Achillis tendon under different training methods，including the func— tional and structural changes in its insertion，and to extend these experimental findings to improve strategies of prevention of military training injuries．Methods With a special equipment to provoke running and jumping，adult rabbits were trained under different dS and the length of time．then the Achillis tendons were harvested．The tendons and their attachment were examined with light and scanning electron microscopy， as well as analyzed biomeehanically．Results The findings showed that the structure of tendon became weak at the fourth week of excessive exercise，as evidenced by changes in micro-structures．Conelmion Excessive load is the major cause of enthesiopathy of the Achillis tendon， and training in cycles may have positive effects in prevention of the pathology． Keywor凼 militarytraining；Achillestendon；injuries 跟腱作为力的传导结构，对于维持人体平衡，实现步 止点末端区矢状纵切，分别作HE、Mallory染色，用光学 行及弹跳等动作具有重要作用。跟腱损伤及末端病是军 显微镜观察跟腱、腱围、纤维软骨区、跟骨软骨面的病理 事训练中导致非战斗减员的主要软组织劳损之一，严重 变化。 影响部队正常的训练。为了解不同训练模式下跟腱的生