农民工就业质量的省际差异：江苏与浙江的比较.pdfVIP

农民工就业质量的省际差异：江苏与浙江的比较 马继迁 1,2 （1.常州大学 文法学院，江苏 常州 213164；2.南京大学 社会学院，江苏 南京 210093） 摘要：农民工就业质量议题已成为新时期我国社会的重大课题。文章利用江苏与浙江农民工调查数据，对两省农民工 就业质量状况进行了比较。研究发现，江苏农民工的就业质量显著高于浙江农民工——在就业质量的6大方面总共40 项指标中，有 32项存在显著差异，且这 32项指标均是江苏明显好于浙江。对于该发现，文章从人力资本、企业制 度、非正规就业模式、法制环境等角度进行了解释。 关键词：农民工；就业质量；省际差异；江苏；浙江 中图分类号：F323 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1007-5097（2013） 12-0135-05 Inter-Provincial Differences in Employment Quality of Rural Migrant Workers: A Comparison between Jiangsu Province and Zhejiang Province MA Ji qian1 2 （1. School of Law Humanities, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China; 2. School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China) Abstract: The issue of employment quality of rural migrant workers has recently become a significant research topic facing our society. On the basis of the survey data of rural migrant workers in Jiangsu and Zhejiang Province, this paper compares the employment quality of rural migrant workers in two provinces. It is found that the employment quality of rural migrant workers in Jiangsu was significantly higher than that in Zhejiang Province. In 40 indicators from 6 areas measuring the quali ty of employment, there are 32 indicators which are significantly different, and these indicators in Jiangsu Province are obvi ously better than that in Zhejiang Province. According to the findings, this paper attempts to make explanations from some perspectives, including the human capital, enterprise system, informal employment patterns, and legal environment, etc. Key words：rural migrant worker; employment quality; inter-provincial difference; Jiangsu Province; Zhejiang Province 一、问题与背景 同处于长三角发达地区的江苏和浙江两省，都是我国农 民工的主要流入地。两省农民工的就业质量是否有所不同？ 造成这种差异的原因是什么？应该从哪些方面着手制定提升 农民工就业质量的政策措施？这些问题成为值得深入探究的 重要课题。 就业质量概念主要源自于国际劳工组织 1999年提出了 “体面劳动”概念。体面劳动是指“在自由、平等、安全和 尊严的条件下的生产性工作，其中权利被保护、足够的报酬 和社会保险被提供” 。关于体面劳动的基本框架，在西方 理论界得到广泛认同的是六维度、十一属性、四十指标之 说，其中六个维度是：工作机会、在自由的条件下工作、生 产性工作、工作平等、工作安全和工作尊严。“体面劳动” 的基本含义同时包含了就业数量和就业质量两个方面，但以 就业质量为主。西方，还有一些与就业质量相关的概念范