流量为220t每小时 水水浮头式换热器的设计 大学学位论文.doc

摘要 换热器是进行热交换操作的通用工艺设备，被广泛应用于各个工业部门。特别是在石油和化学工业生产中，常常需要把低温流体加热或者把高温流体冷却，把液体汽化成蒸汽或者把蒸汽冷凝成液体。 本次的设计是一种卧式浮头式换热器，其适用于管束与程壳之间壁差大或壳程的介质容易结垢的地方，并且在各种工业领域中有着相对宽的应用。浮头式换热器主要由管箱，管板，壳体，折流板，传热管，拉杆，钩圈，定距管，浮头盖等组成。浮头换热器的端部被固定的情况下，另一端是浮管板。这样做的好处是热应力小，容易检查，清洗。 浮头式换热器壳程具有单壳和双壳二种，一般为单壳式冷凝器。管程数有二管程，四管程等，本设计采用单壳程，双管程。 为了适应这些新的形势，所以有必要对换热器的设计有一定的了解。文章首先是对换热器的知识进行了概述，对换热器的自身改进进行了讨论；其次主要是对换热器进行总体设计，确定设计类型、结构形式及流程，然后进行换热器的计算，包括初选结构、传热计算和压降计算，工艺计算所得的传热面积是下一步结构设计的前提；再次主要是对换热器进行结构设计与强度计算，结构设计的任务是根据工艺计算所决定的初步结构数据，进一步设计全部结构尺寸，选定材料并进行强度校核，最后绘成图纸。 关键词: 浮头； 换热器; 浮动管板； 传热计算； 强度校核 Abstract Heat is the general process equipment for exchanging heat, and is used to many kinds of the industrial department. Especially, in petroleum and chemical industry production, we usually needs to heat the hypothermia fluid or cool the hyperthermia fluid, and the fluid vaporize into fume or the fume condensed into fluid. The design is a horizontal floating head heat exchanger adapted to drive the shell wall between the tubes and the difference is large or medium shell fouling place easily, and has a relatively broad application in various industrial fields. Floating head heat exchanger consists of tube box, tube sheet, shell, baffles, heat transfer tube, rod, hook and loop, fixed pitch pipe, floating head cover and other components. By the end of the floating head heat exchanger is fixed, the other end of the floating tube sheet. This has the advantage that the thermal stress is small, easy inspection, cleaning. The disadvantage is that more complex structures. Floating head heat exchanger shell has a single hull and double hull two kinds, usually single-hull condenser. Number of tube has two drive four Cheng et al., The design uses a single shell, double tube. For adapting the new phase, we must understand the design of heat exchanger. The oneself improvement that article is which make the heat exchanger of the knowledge to proceeds the summarize first, make the heat exchanger proceeded discussion; The