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Bit-strings and other modifications of Viviane model for language competition.pdf

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Bit-strings and other modifications of Viviane model for language competition

a r X i v : p h y s i c s / 0 6 0 8 2 0 4 v 1 [ p h y s i c s .s o c - p h ] 2 0 A u g 2 0 0 6 Bit-strings and other modifications of Viviane model for language competition P.M.C. de Oliveira1,2, D. Stauffer1,3, F.W.S. Lima4, A.O. Sousa1,5, C. Schulze3 and S. Moss de Oliveira 1,2 1 Laboratoire PMMH, E?cole Supe?rieure de Physique et de Chimie Indus- trielles, 10 rue Vauquelin, F-75231 Paris, France 2 Visiting from Instituto de F??sica, Universidade Federal Fluminense; Av. Litora?nea s/n, Boa Viagem, Nitero?i 24210-340, RJ, Brazil 3 Inst. for Theoretical Physics, Cologne University, D-50923 Ko?ln, Euroland 4 Departamento de F??sica, Universidade Federal do Piau??, 57072-970 Teresina - PI, Brazil 5 Visiting from SUPRATECS, University of Lie?ge, B5, Sart Tilman, B-4000 Lie?ge, Euroland Keywords: linguistics, Monte Carlo simulation, language size distribution Abstract The language competition model of Viviane de Oliveira et al is modified by associating with each language a string of 32 bits. Whenever a language changes in this Viviane model, also one randomly selected bit is flipped. If then only languages with different bit-strings are counted as different, the resulting size distribution of languages agrees with the empirically observed slightly asymmetric log-normal distribution. Several other modifications were also tried but either had more free parameters or agreed less well with reality. 1 Introduction The competition between languages of adult humans, leading to the extinc- tion of some, the emergence of new and the modification of existing lan- guages, has been simulated recently by many physicists [1-11] and others [12-14], see also [15] for the learning of languages by children. The web site /amag/langev/ lists 103 linguistic computer simula- tions, and recent reviews of language competition simulations were given in [16-18]. Perhaps the empirically best-known aspect of language competition is the present distribution ns of language sizes s, where th