9上宾语从句讲解及练习.doc

宾语从句 在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。它在句中可以充当及物动词、介词或形容词的。宾语从句的考点1. 由不同连接词引导的宾语从句 2. 宾语从句中的陈述语序 3. 宾语从句中时态的呼应 4. 宾语从句的 否定转移 一、宾语从句的引导词 1.that引导的宾语从句 当宾语从句是陈述句时，用连接词that引导，that在口语、非正式文体中常被省略。 He says(that) he has been to Shanghai twice.他说他去过上海两次。 She said (that) she went to the park last week.她说她上周去公园了。 从句的主语是that时，that不省略。 e.g. We know that that is an interesting story． 如果有多个that引导的宾语从句，第一个that可以省略，其他一般不省略。 The doctor told me (that) I should take more water and that things would get better very soon医生告诉我要多喝水，情况很快就会好转。 2. 特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句Could you please tell me where we will have a meeting?你能告诉我们将在哪儿开会吗？ I wondered what I should do next.我想知道下一步该做什么。 3. if或whether引导的宾语从句 当宾语从句由一般疑问句变来时，要用if或whether引导，意为“是否”。 If和whether只起到连接作用，不充当句子成分，一般情况下可互换，但if常用于口语中，whether常用于正式文体中。 I want to know if /whether he is waiting for me.我想知道他是否在等我。 Could you tell me if /whether you have been to Australia? 你能告诉我你是否去过澳大利亚吗？ 情况下一般只能用whether： ①与or not连用时 I don’t know whether he likes the movie or not. 我不知道他喜不喜欢这部电影。 ②作介词的宾语时 Everything depends on whether we have enough time.一切取决于我们是否有足够的时间。 ③放在不定式前，与不定式组成词组时 She hasn’t decided whether to go or not.她还没决定去还是不去。 ④ 他们是否参加野餐，我不在乎。 5 作主语、表语或同位语，而if不能。如： 正：It was uncertain whether he would come. （主语） 误：It was uncertain if he would come. 正： His first question was whether Tom had arrived yet. 误： His first question was if Tom had arrived yet. 二、宾语从句的时态 （1）如果主句是一般现在时，宾语从句可用其所需的任何时态。 He says (that) he has seen this film.他说他已经看过这部电影了。 He says (that) he is watching TV.他说他正在看电视。 （2）如果主句是一般过去时，宾语从句常用过去的某种时态。He said they would go to Hainan winter holiday.他说他们将去海南度假。 She didn’t know if they had seen the movie.她不知道他们是否看过那部电影了。 注意： 如果从句的内容表示的是客观真理或不可改变的自然现象等，虽然主句用了过去时态，从句仍然用一般现在时。 The teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun.老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转动。 The teacher said light travels faster than sound.老师说光比声音传播得快。 三、宾语从句的语序 当宾语从句是疑问句时，要用陈述语序。What’s his father’s name? 他父亲叫什么名字？ I don’t know what his father’s name is? 我不知道他父亲叫什么名字？ When will they leave for