一种基于层次切片的软件错误定位方法.pdfVIP

第 40 卷第 4 期 2010 年 7 月 ~.fJ大学学报(自然科学版) JOURNAL OF SOUTHEAST UNIVERSrrv (Natural Science Edition) doi: 10. 3969/j. issn. 1∞1 -0505.2010.04. ∞6 Vol. 40 NO.4 July 2010 一种基于层次切片的软件错误定位方法 许高阳李必信孙小兵陶传奇 (东南大学计算机科学与工程学院，南京 21∞96) 摘要:提出了一种基于层次切片模型适合面向对象语言的错误定位方法.首先分别在包层、类 层、方法层删去通过测试的包、类和方法，缩小软件错误存在的范围;其次，在语句层将删减后的 程序按抽象语法树划分成若干模块，统计模块内变量使用的数目;通过动态分析，选取一组测试 用例计算其执行历史;根据模块内使用变量数目的规模，采用逐步求精算法，计算产生错误测试 用例的程序执行历史与静态分析过程中所产生模块的交集及交集的后向切片，直至实现错误定 位.实验数据表明:该方法能够查出前期定位程序中绝大部分错误的位置，尤其适用在方法调用 比较少的程序中.在方法调用比较频繁的程序中，由于在调用语句处迭代调用逐步求精算法，效 率会降低. 关键词:层次切片模型;抽象语法树;执行历史;逐步求精 中图分类号: TP3 11 文献标志码 :A 文章编号: 1001 -0505(2010)04-0692-07 Software fault localizatioo based 00 hierarchical slicing Xu Gaoyang Li Bixin Sun Xiaobing Tao Chuanqi (Sch∞lofCompu阳 Science and Engin白宫i吨， South回5t University , Nanjing 21α渺6 ， China) Abstract: A novel HSM (hierarchical slicing model) -based fault localization technique is proposed for object-oriented programs. Firstly , the scope of fault localization is reduced by deleting packages , classes and methods which have pas部d the tests , then the reduced program will be partitioned into some modules based on AST (abstract syntax tr，臼) by analyzing statements , and further , the num- ber of variables within each module 缸e computed independently. Then , execution history is compu- 能d based on a set of test c掘出. Finally , according to the size of the variables used in the modules , the intersection of each module and its backward slice are iteratively calculated using the SSA (step- wise slicing algorithm) until faults are eventually localized. Experimental results show 由at: the method can locate the most faults early , especially in the progr，缸n with less method calling relation- ship. The SSA is called iteratively in the program where the method is called more frequently. Thus , the efficiency is reduced. Key words: hierarchical slicing model; abstract syntax tree; execution history; stepwise refinement 从程序切片技术的角度，软件错误定位可以通 过 2 种方法实现:传统非程序切片技术和程序切片 技术.非程