高分子复合材料的英语介绍.pptVIP

Polymeric Composite Materials;Introduction;　　高分子复合材料 polymeric composite 是高分子材料和另外不同组成、不同形状、不同性质的物质复合粘结而成的多相材料。高分子复合材料最大优点是博各种材料之长，如高强度、质轻、耐温、耐腐蚀、绝热、绝缘等性质，根据应用目的，选取高分子材料和其他具有特殊性质的材料，制成满足需要的复合材料。 高分子复合材料分为两大类：高分子结构复合材料和高分子功能复合材料。以前者为主。高分子结构复合材料包括两个组分：①增强剂。为具有高强度、高模量、耐温的纤维及织物，如玻璃纤维、氮化硅晶须、硼纤维及以上纤维的织物。②基体材料。主要是起粘合作用的胶粘剂，如不饱合聚酯树脂、环氧树脂、酚醛树脂、聚酰亚胺等热固性树脂及苯乙烯、聚丙烯等热塑性树脂，这种复合材料的比强度和比模量比金属还高，是国防、尖端技术方面不可缺少的材料。高分子功能复合材料也是由树脂类基体材料和具有某种特殊功能的材料构成，如某些电导、半导、磁性、发光、压电等性质的材料，与粘合剂复合而成，使之具有新的功能。如冰箱的磁性密封条即是这类复合材料。;EPP即聚丙烯发泡材料是一种性能卓越的高结晶型聚合物/气体复合材料，以其独特而优越的性能成为目前增长最快的环保新型抗压缓冲隔热材料。??其特点1.是极好的吸能性2.耐化学性良好3.耐热性能良好?4.无毒，适合尖端产品包装?5.环保，易于回收再利用，符合出口要求;New Words and Expressions;thermal热的[‘θ?:m?l] corrosion resistance耐(腐)蚀性 fatigue resistance耐[抗]疲劳性 comprehension理解 [k?mpri’hen??n] optimization最优化 [?ptimai’zei??n]? automotive汽车行业 [?:t?’m?utiv]? naval transportation海军运输 civil engineering土木工程 component成分 [k?m’p?un?nt]? innovative新发明的, 新引进的; [‘in?uveitiv] ; Principal advantage of composite materials resides in the possibility of combining physical properties of the constituents to obtain new structural or functional properties . ; Composite materials appeared very early in human technology ,the “structural” properties of straw were combined with a clay matrix to produce the first construction materials and ,more recently ,steel reinforcement opened the way to the ferroconcrete that is the last century dominant material in civil engineering . ; As a matter of fact ,the modern development of polymeric materials and high modulus fibres (carbon ,aramidic ) introduced a new generation of composites .The most relevant benefit has been the possibility of energetically convenient manufacturing associated with the low weight features . ; Due to the possibility of designing properties ,composite materials have been widely used ,in the recent past ,when stiffness/weight ,strength/weight ,ability to tailor structural performances and thermal expansion ,corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance