商务英语阅读第一课.doc

China?is?the?only?major?economy?that?is?likely?to?show?significant?growth?this?year,?because?it?is?the?only?one?that?routinely?breaks?every?rule?in?the?economic?textbook.?In?fact,?the?main?reason?China?is?not?slowing?as?fast?as?the?other?big?five?economies?is?its?capacity?for?macro-control.? 中国是今年唯一一个可能取得亮丽增长的主要经济体，因为它是世界上唯一一个惯常打破经济教科书每一个原则的国家。事实上，中国不像其他五大经济体那样发展缓慢的主要原因是，它的宏观调控能力。 Why?does?Chinas?market?economic?system?work??Now?that?the?United?States?and?Europe?are?moving?toward?macro-economic?control—by?nationalizing?the?banking?and?car?industries,?and?imposing?heavy?new?regulation?on?the?financial?industry—the?question?has?a?new?urgency. China?looks?like?the?one?best?positioned?to?navigate?what?may?be?the?worst?global?downturn?in?seven?decades.? 为什么中国市场经济体系奏效？目前，欧美等国正通过银行及汽车业国有化及强制对金融业的管理，走向宏观调控，但问题更加紧迫。中国看上去是最能够驾驭这场可能是近七十年来最糟的全球经济滑坡的国家。?? In?a?time?of?crisis,?Chinas?bureaucrats?can?pick?from?traditional?market?tools,?like?their?Western?counterparts,?and?from?the?arsenal?of?China’s?market?economic?system.?Early?last?year,?as?the?housing?market?was?overheating,?they?simply?ordered?bankers?to?cut?back?on?housing?loans:?then?as?home?sales?began?to?fall,?they?offered?market?incentives,?like?lower?taxes?on?home?purchases.?In?recent?weeks?they?launched?economic?rescue?efforts?similar?to?those?in?the?west,?including?a?huge?($600?billion)?plan?to?ramp?up?government?spending?and?big?interest-rate?cuts.?But?theyve?also?issued?orders?that?would?be?seen?as?improper?intervention?in?the?West—for?example,?calling?last?week?on?state?industries,?including?steel?and?construction,?to?actively?increase?their?roles?in?the?economy?by?buying?up?new?assets?at?home?and?abroad.? 在危机中，中国官员既能采用像西方同行那样的传统市场工具，也能吸取中国市场经济体系的积累经验。去年早期，由于房地产市场过热，中国官员仅命令银行削减房贷：然后随着房屋销售量下降，他们提供市场激励机制，比如更低的房屋购置税。最近几周，他们展开类似西方的经济救援行动，其中包括价值6000亿的大计划以增加政府开支和大幅削减利率。但同时，他们也发布在西方国家眼里是不合理的干涉的命令—例如，上周中国官员召集包括钢铁和建筑在内的国有工业，通过并购国内外的新资产以积极发挥他们在经济中的作用。?? Once?seen?as?the?bad?habit?of?an?immature?economy,?Chinas?state?meddling?