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Atherosclerosis in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis英文文献资料.doc

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Atherosclerosis in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis英文文献资料

HindawiPublishingCorporation MediatorsofIn?ammation Volume2012,ArticleID714732,5pages doi:10.1155/2012/714732 ReviewArticle AtherosclerosisinJuvenileIdiopathicArthritis EwaJednaczandLidiaRutkowska-Sak PaediatricClinicofRheumatology,InstituteofRheumatology,Sparta′nska1,02-637Warsaw,Poland CorrespondenceshouldbeaddressedtoEwaJednacz,ewa.jednacz@op.pl Received14June2012;Revised17July2012;Accepted17July2012 AcademicEditor:MiguelA.Gonz′alez-Gay Copyright?2012E.JednaczandL.Rutkowska-Sak. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons AttributionLicense,whichpermitsunrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalworkis properlycited. Atherosclerosisisachronicin?ammatorydiseaseofthearteries.Clinicalconsequencesoftheatheroscleroticprocessoccurinthe adultpopulation,howeveratheroscleroticprocessbeginsinchildhood.Theclassicriskfactorsforatherosclerosisincludeobesity, dyslipidaemia,age,genderorfamilyhistory.Inrecentyears,attentionhasbeendrawntothesimilaritybetweenatherosclerotic in?ammatory processes and in?ammatory changes in the course of systemic connective tissue disease, in particular systemic lupusetythematosus(SLE)orrheumatoidarthritis(RA).Thereisalsoobservedthesimilarityofthepathogeneticbackground of development of atherosclerosis and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Elevated levels of pro-in?ammatory cytokines are observedinthecourseofjuvenileidiopathicarthritis.Alsohomocysteineconcentrations,whichmayplayasigni?cantrolein thedevelopmentofatheroscleroticlesions,areobservedhigherinpatientswithJIA.Somestudiesrevealedhighercarotidintima- mediathickness(IMT)indexvaluesinchildrenwithJIA.Inviewofthefactthatatheroscleroticprocessbeginsasearlyasin childhood,theintroductionofappropriatepreventivemeasuresinchildrenisamatterofutmostimportance. 1.Introduction concentration also increases the risk of developing cardio- vasculardiseases.Awarenessofthefactthatinitiationofthe atheroscleroticprocesstakesplacevery earlyinlifeunde