Breast tissue characterization by in vivo Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS)英文文献资料.docVIP

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Breast tissue characterization by in vivo Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS)英文文献资料.doc

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Breast tissue characterization by in vivo Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS)英文文献资料

Spectroscopy25(2011)251–260 DOI10.3233/SPE-2011-0522 IOSPress 251 Breasttissuecharacterizationbyinvivo MagneticResonanceSpectroscopy(MRS) N.R.Jagannathan ? DepartmentofNMRandMRIFacility,AllIndiaInstituteofMedicalSciences,NewDelhi,India Abstract.Invivomagneticresonancespectroscopy(MRS)isasensitivetechniqueformetabolicevaluationofnormal,benign andmalignanttissuesandisrapidlyevolvingasaclinicaltoolfordiagnosis,characterizationandmonitoringthetherapeutic responseoftumor.Theproton(1H)MRspectraofnormalbreasttissuesarecharacterizedbyhighfatcontentwhiletumor tissueshavehigherwatercontent.Fromtherespectivepeakareas,thewater–fat(W–F)ratiocanbecalculated.Theinvivo 1HMRspectrumobtainedwithwaterandfatsuppressionfrommalignantbreasttissuesarecharacterizedbyapeakat3.2ppm correspondingtocholine-containingmetabolites(tCho)andhasbeenshownasareliablebiochemicalmarkerofmalignancy. WithdevelopmentsinMRmethodology,itispossibletodeterminetheinvivoabsolutequanti?cationoftChothatprovidean opportunitytohavecut-offvaluesforthediscriminationofnormal,benignandmalignantbreasttissues.BothW–Fratioand theconcentrationoftChohavebeendemonstratedtobeusefulinmonitoringtheeffectoftherapyinbreastcancerpatients. Inpatientsreceivingchemotherapy,reductionofW–FratioandtheconcentrationoftChowereobservedinassociationwith thereductionoftheprimarytumorsizeindicatingitsuseasnon-invasiveindicatorsoffavorableclinicaloutcomeoftherapy. StudiesshowedthatadditionofMRSinvestigationincreasesthespeci?cityofMRI.Thisarticlereviewssomesalientfeatures ofinvivoMRSanditsroleinthediagnosisandtreatmentmanagementofbreastcancerpatients. Keywords: Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), in vivo, localization, breast cancer, water-to-fat (W–F) ratio, choline, biomarker,therapeuticresponse 1. Introduction Breastcancerisacommondiseasethataffectswomenandisamajorcauseofmortalityandmorbid- ity[16].Theincidencerateriseswithage;thehighestbeinginthedevelopedcountriesandlowestin AfricaandAsia.Breastcancersarehighlyheterogeneous,andearlydiagno