Cathodoluminescence (CL) Microscopy Application to Refractories and Slags英文文献资料.docVIP

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Cathodoluminescence (CL) Microscopy Application to Refractories and Slags英文文献资料.doc

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Cathodoluminescence (CL) Microscopy Application to Refractories and Slags英文文献资料

Journal of Minerals Materials Characterization Engineering, Vol. 1, No.1, pp11-29, 2002 Printed in the USA. All rights reserved Cathodoluminescence (CL) Microscopy Application to Refractories and Slags Musa Karakus and Robert E. Moore University of Missouri-Rolla Department of Ceramic Engineering Rolla, MO 65401 E-mail: karakus@umr.edu ABSTRACT Refractories are ceramic materials possessing high thermal shock properties and slag corrosion resistance, as well as creep resistance at high temperatures. They are used in large quantities in steel making furnaces, metal smelting vessels, and glass melting tanks, and are made from veryrefractory minerals such as lime, periclase, corundum, spinel, and zirconia. Slags are residual vitreous materials generated during steel refining processes. They cover a wide range of compositions and may contain pure oxides, silicates, and sulfides as well as fluoride phases, depending on the melting and smelting processes. These minerals exhibit spectacular cathodoluminescence color when bombarded with electrons. Cathodoluminescence (CL) microscopy, therefore, is a very effective technique for the characterization of refractory corrosion by slags. Studies in this paper include: (1) reaction of fluorine containing mold slags with ZrO2-C nozzle refractories, promoting crystallization of cuspidine [Ca4Si2O7(F,OH)2], (2) corrosion of fusion cast refractories and formation of glass defects in TV panel glassmaking furnaces, and (3) densification of spinel-based castable in steel melting induction furnace. HISTORICAL OVERVIEW History and Definition of Refractories The word refractory refers to high-melting temperature materials and is known to be derived from the Latin word refractarius, which means stubborn [1]. Refractories are traditionally defined as non-metallic and shaped ceramic materials that withstand high temperatures. Today, the definition of refractories has evolved and extends to practically any mater