Do Not Resonate with Actions Sentence Polarity Modulates Cortico-Spinal Excitability during Action-Related Sentence Reading 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Do Not Resonate with Actions Sentence Polarity Modulates Cortico-Spinal Excitability during Action-Related Sentence Reading 英文参考文献.doc

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Do Not Resonate with Actions Sentence Polarity Modulates Cortico-Spinal Excitability during Action-Related Sentence Reading 英文参考文献

DoNotResonatewithActions:SentencePolarity ModulatesCortico-SpinalExcitabilityduringAction- RelatedSentenceReading MarcoTullioLiuzza1,2,MatteoCandidi1,2*,SalvatoreMariaAglioti1,2 1DepartmentofPsychology,UniversityofRome‘‘LaSapienza’’,Rome,Italy,2IRCCS,FondazioneSantaLucia,Rome,Italy Abstract Background: Theories of embodied language suggest that the motor system is differentially called into action when processingmotor-relatedversusabstractcontentwordsorsentences.Ithasbeenrecentlyshownthatprocessingnegative polarityaction-relatedsentencesmodulatesneuralactivityofpremotorandmotorcortices. MethodsandFindings:Wesoughttodeterminewhetherreadingnegativepolaritysentencesbroughtaboutdifferential modulation of cortico-spinal motor excitability depending on processing hand-action related or abstract sentences. Facilitatorypaired-pulsesTranscranialMagneticStimulation(pp-TMS)wasappliedtotheprimarymotorrepresentationof theright-handandtherecordedamplitudeofinducedmotor-evokedpotentials(MEP)wasusedtoindexM1activityduring passive reading of either hand-action related or abstract content sentences presented in both negative and affirmative polarity.Resultsshowedthatthecortico-spinalexcitabilitywasaffectedbysentencepolarityonlyinthehand-actionrelated condition. Indeed, in keeping with previous TMS studies, reading positive polarity, hand action-related sentences suppressedcortico-spinalreactivity.Thiseffectwasabsentwhenreadinghandaction-relatednegativepolaritysentences. Moreover, no modulation of cortico-spinal reactivity was associated with either negative or positive polarity abstract sentences. Conclusions:Ourresultsindicatethatgrammaticalcuespromptingmotornegationreducethecortico-spinalsuppression associated with affirmative action sentences reading and thus suggest that motor simulative processes underlying the embodimentmayinvolveevensyntacticfeaturesoflanguage. Citation:LiuzzaMT,CandidiM,AgliotiSM(2011)DoNotResonatewithActions:SentencePolarityModulatesCortico-SpinalExcitabil