Endogenous Human Brain Dynamics Recover Slowly Following Cognitive Effort 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Endogenous Human Brain Dynamics Recover Slowly Following Cognitive Effort 英文参考文献.doc

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Endogenous Human Brain Dynamics Recover Slowly Following Cognitive Effort 英文参考文献

EndogenousHumanBrainDynamicsRecoverSlowly FollowingCognitiveEffort AnnaBarnes*,EdwardT.Bullmore,JohnSuckling BrainMappingUnit,BehaviouralClinicalNeurosciencesInstitute,DepartmentofPsychiatry,UniversityofCambridge,Cambridge,UnitedKingdom Abstract Background:Infunctionalmagneticresonanceimaging,thebrain’sresponsetoexperimentalmanipulationisalmostalways assumedtobeindependentofendogenousoscillations.Totestthis,weaddressedthepossibleinteractionbetweencognitive taskperformanceandendogenousfMRIoscillationsinanexperimentdesignedtoanswertwoquestions:1)Doesperformance ofacognitivelyeffortfultasksignificantlychangefractalscalingpropertiesoffMRItimeseriescomparedtotheirvaluesbefore taskperformance?2)Ifso,canwerelatetheextentoftask-relatedperturbationtothedifficultyofthetask? Methodology/PrincipalFindings:Usinganovelcontinuousacquisition‘‘rest-task-rest’’design,wefoundthatendogenous dynamicstendedtorecovertheirpre-taskparametervaluesrelativelyslowly,overthecourseofseveralminutes,following completionofoneoftwoversionsofthen-backworkingmemorytaskandthattherateofrecoverywasslowerfollowing completionofthemoredemanding(n=2)versionofthetask. Conclusion/Significance:Thisresultsupportsthemodelthatendogenouslowfrequencyoscillatorydynamicsarerelevant tothebrain’sresponsetoexogenousstimulation.Moreover,itsuggeststhatlarge-scaleneurocognitivesystemsmeasured usingfMRI,liketheheartandotherphysiologicalsystemssubjectedtoexternaldemandsforenhancedperformance,can takeaconsiderableperiodoftimetoreturntoastablebaselinestate. Citation: Barnes A, Bullmore ET, Suckling J (2009) Endogenous Human Brain Dynamics Recover Slowly Following Cognitive Effort. PLoS ONE 4(8): e6626. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0006626 Editor:Bjo¨rnBrembs,FreieUniversitaetBerlin,Germany ReceivedApril27,2009;AcceptedJuly15,2009;PublishedAugust14,2009 Copyright: ? 2009 Barnes et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricteduse,distribution,an