Executive Control of Attention in Narcolepsy 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Executive Control of Attention in Narcolepsy 英文参考文献.doc

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Executive Control of Attention in Narcolepsy 英文参考文献

ExecutiveControlofAttentioninNarcolepsy SophieBayard1,2*,MurielCroisierLangenier2,Vale′rieCochenDeCock1,2,SabineScholz2, YvesDauvilliers1,2 1National Reference Network for Narcolepsy,Department of Neurology, Ho?pital Gui-de-Chauliac,CHU Montpellier, Montpellier,France,2Inserm U1061, University of Montpellier1,Montpellier,France Abstract Background:Narcolepsywithcataplexy(NC)isadisablingsleepdisordercharacterizedbyearlylossofhypocretinneurons thatprojecttoareasinvolved intheattentionnetwork.Wecharacterized theexecutivecontrolofattentionindrug-free patientswithNCtodeterminewhethertheexecutivedeficitsobservedinpatientswithNCarespecifictothediseaseitself orwhethertheyreflectperformancechangesduetotheseverityofexcessivedaytimesleepiness. Methodology:Twenty-twopatientswithNCcomparedto22patientswithnarcolepsywithoutcataplexy(NwC)matchedfor age, gender, intellectual level, objective daytime sleepiness and number of sleep onset REM periods (SOREMPs) were studied. Thirty-two matched healthy controls were included. All participants underwent a standardized interview, completedquestionnaires,andneuropsychologicaltests.Allpatientsunderwentapolysomnographyfollowedbymultiple sleeplatencytests(MSLT),withneuropsychologicalevaluationperformedthesamedaybetweenMSLTsessions. PrincipalFindings:Irrespectiveofdiagnosis,patientsreportedhigherself-reportedattentionalcomplaintsassociatedwith theintensityofdepressivesymptoms.PatientswithNCperformedslowerandmorevariablyonsimplereactiontimetasks thanpatientswithNwC,whodidnotdifferfromcontrols.PatientswithNCandNwCgenerallyperformedslower,reacted morevariably,andmademoreerrorsthancontrolsonexecutivefunctioningtests.Individualprofileanalysesshowedaclear heterogeneity of the severity of executive deficit. This severity was related to objective sleepiness, higher number of SOREMPsontheMSLT,andlowerintelligencequotient.Thenatureandseverityoftheexecutivedeficitswereunrelatedto NCandNwCdiagnosis. Conclusions: We demonstrated that drug-free patient