Mental Rotation Performance in Male Soccer Players 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Mental Rotation Performance in Male Soccer Players 英文参考文献.doc

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Mental Rotation Performance in Male Soccer Players 英文参考文献

MentalRotationPerformanceinMaleSoccerPlayers PetraJansen*,JenniferLehmann,JessicaVanDoren InstituteofSportScience,UniversityofRegensburg,Regensburg,Bavaria,Germany Abstract Itis themaingoalofthis studytoinvestigatethevisual-spatial cognitionin malesoccerplayers.Forty males(20soccer playersand20non-athletes)solvedachronometricmentalrotationtaskwithbothcubedandembodiedfigures(human figures,bodypostures).Theresultsconfirmpreviousresultsthatallparticipantshadalowermentalrotationspeedforcube figurescomparedtoembodiedfiguresandahighererrorrateforcubefigures,butonlyatangulardisparitiesgreaterthan 90u.Itisanewfindingthatsoccer–playersshowedafasterreactiontimeforembodiedstimuli.Becauserotationspeeddid notdifferbetweensoccer-playersandnon-athletesthisfindingcannotbeattributedtothementalrotationprocessitself but instead to differences in one of the following processes which are involved in a mental rotation task: the encoding process, the maintanence of readiness, or the motor process. The results are discussed against the background of the influenceonlongtermphysicalactivityonmentalrotationandthecontextofembodiedcognition. Citation: Jansen P, Lehmann J, Van Doren J (2012) Mental Rotation Performance in Male Soccer Players. PLoS ONE 7(10): e48620. doi:10.1371/ journal.pone.0048620 Editor:NatashaM.Maurits,UniversityMedicalCenterGroningenUMCG,TheNetherlands ReceivedMay25,2012;AcceptedSeptember26,2012;PublishedOctober30,2012 Copyright: ? 2012 Jansen et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalauthorandsourcearecredited. Funding:Theseauthorshavenosupportorfundingtoreport. CompetingInterests:Theauthorshavedeclaredthatnocompetinginterestsexist. *E-mail:petra.jansen@ur.de Introduction processing, (2) identification and discrimination of stimuli, (3) identification of orientation, (4) mental rotation, (5) judgment of pari