Nucleoside Triphosphates — Building Blocks for the Modification of Nucleic Acids 英文参考文献.docVIP
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Nucleoside Triphosphates — Building Blocks for the Modification of Nucleic Acids 英文参考文献
Molecules 2012, 17, 13569-13591; doi:10.3390/molecules171113569
OPEN ACCESS
molecules
ISSN 1420-3049
/journal/molecules
Review
Nucleoside Triphosphates — Building Blocks for the
Modification of Nucleic Acids
Marcel Hollenstein
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern,
Switzerland; E-Mail: hollenstein@dcb.unibe.ch; Tel.: +41-316-314-372
Received: 21 September 2012; in revised form: 7 November 2012 / Accepted: 9 November 2012 /
Published: 15 November 2012
Abstract: Nucleoside triphosphates are moldable entities that can easily be functionalized
at various locations. The enzymatic polymerization of these modified triphosphate
analogues represents a versatile platform for the facile and mild generation of (highly)
functionalized nucleic acids. Numerous modified triphosphates have been utilized in a
broad palette of applications spanning from DNA-tagging and -labeling to the generation
of catalytic nucleic acids. This review will focus on the recent progress made in the
synthesis of modified nucleoside triphosphates as well as on the understanding of the
mechanisms underlying their polymerase acceptance. In addition, the usefulness of
chemically altered dNTPs in SELEX and related methods of in vitro selection will be
highlighted, with a particular emphasis on the generation of modified DNA enzymes
(DNAzymes) and DNA-based aptamers.
Keywords: modified nucleoside triphosphates; DNA polymerases; SELEX; DNAzymes;
PEX; chemically modified nucleic acids
1. Introduction
The importance of the role played by (2-deoxy)ribonucleoside triphosphates [(d)NTPs] in
numerous biological processes needs not to be further underscored. For instance, natural (d)NTPs
serve as the fundamental building blocks in the polymerase-mediated synthesis of nucleic acids, both
in vitro and in vivo, while ATP acts as t
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