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Of Mice, Cattle, and Humans The Immunology and Treatment of River Blindness 英文参考文献
Review
OfMice,Cattle,andHumans:TheImmunologyand
TreatmentofRiverBlindness
JudithE.Allen1,OheneAdjei2,OdileBain3,AchimHoerauf4,WolfgangH.Hoffmann5,BenjaminL.
Makepeace6,HartwigSchulz-Key5,VincentN.Tanya7,AlexanderJ.Trees6,SamuelWanji8,DavidW.
Taylor9*
1Institute for Immunology and Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, 2Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology,
Kumasi, Ghana, 3Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France, 4Universita¨tsklinikum Bonn, Bonn, Germany, 5Eberhard Karls Universita¨t, Tu¨bingen, Germany,
6LiverpoolSchoolofTropicalMedicineandFacultyofVeterinaryScience,UniversityofLiverpool,Liverpool,UnitedKingdom,7InstitutdeRechercheAgricolepourle
De′veloppement,Ngaounde′re′, Cameroon,8ResearchFoundationinTropicalDiseasesandEnvironment,Buea,Cameroon,9CentreforInfectiousDiseases,Royal(Dick)
SchoolforVeterinaryStudies,UniversityofEdinburgh,Edinburgh,UnitedKingdom
recrudescence of infections in areas where treatment has been
suspended.Inaddition,thereismountingevidencethatresistance
Abstract: River blindness is a seriously debilitating
diseasecausedbythefilarialparasiteOnchocercavolvulus,
which infects millions in Africa as well as in South and
CentralAmerica.Researchhasbeenhamperedbyalackof
to ivermectin is emerging [9–13]. Such circumstances require
development of complementary measures to sustain even the
currentlevelsofcontrol,letaloneeliminatethedisease.Whatare
good animal models, as the parasite can only develop
neededisasafeandeffectivemacrofilaricideandavaccine.
fullyinhumansandsomeprimates.Thisreviewhighlights
A major obstacle facing onchocerciasis research and, particu-
thedevelopmentoftwoanimalmodelsystemsthathave
larly that concerned with vaccine development, has been the
allowed significant advances in recent years and hold
promise for the future. Experimental findings with
LitomosoidessigmodontisinmiceandOnchocercaochengi
in cattle are placed in the context of how these models
canadvanceourabi
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