Paternal Body Mass Index (BMI) Is Associated with Offspring Intrauterine Growth in a Gender Dependent Manner 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Paternal Body Mass Index (BMI) Is Associated with Offspring Intrauterine Growth in a Gender Dependent Manner 英文参考文献.doc

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Paternal Body Mass Index (BMI) Is Associated with Offspring Intrauterine Growth in a Gender Dependent Manner 英文参考文献

PaternalBodyMassIndex(BMI)IsAssociatedwith OffspringIntrauterineGrowthinaGenderDependent Manner You-PengChen1,Xiao-MinXiao2,JianLi2,ChristophReichetzeder3,4,Zi-NengWang2, BertholdHocher1,3,4 * 1DepartmentofInfectiousDiseases,thefirstAffiliatedHospitalofJinanUniversity,Guangzhou,China,2DepartmentofObstetricsandGynecology,thefirstAffiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China, 3Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal-Potsdam, Germany, 4Center for Cardiovascular Research/InstituteofPharmacology,Berlin,Germany Abstract Background: Environmental alternations leading to fetal programming of cardiovascular diseases in later life have been attributed to maternal factors. However, animal studies showed that paternal obesity may program cardio-metabolic diseases in the offspring. In the current study we tested the hypothesis that paternal BMI may be associated with fetal growth. MethodsandResults:Weanalyzedtherelationshipbetweenpaternalbodymassindex(BMI)andbirthweight,ultrasound parametersdescribingthenewborn’sbodyshapeaswellasparametersdescribingthenewbornsendocrinesystemsuchas cortisol, aldosterone,reninactivityandfetalglycated serumproteininabirth cohortof899father/mother/child triplets. Since fetal programming is an offspring sex specific process, male and female offspring were analyzed separately. Multivariable regression analyses considering maternal BMI, paternal and maternal age, hypertension during pregnancy, maternal total glycated serum protein, parity and either gestational age (for birth weight) or time of ultrasound investigation(forultrasoundparameters)asconfoundingshowedthatpaternalBMIisassociatedwithgrowthofthemale but not female offspring. Paternal BMI correlated with birth parameters of male offspring only: birth weight; biparietal diameter,headcircumference;abdominaldiameter,abdominalcircumference;andpectoraldiameter.Cortisolwaslikewise significantlycorrelatedwithpaternalBMIinmalenewbornsonly. Conclusions:Paterna