Putting It Together AIDS and the Millennium Development Goals 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Putting It Together AIDS and the Millennium Development Goals 英文参考文献.doc

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Putting It Together AIDS and the Millennium Development Goals 英文参考文献

Policy Forum Putting It Together: AIDS and the Millennium Development Goals Robert Hecht , Anita Alban, Kate Taylor, Sarah Post, Nina B. Andersen, Ryan Schwarz * The Millennium Development Goals One of the most important and visionary global actions of recent years was the September 2000 commitment by 189 governments worldwide to “[make] the right to development a reality for everyone and to [free] the entire human race from want” [1]. The movement to achieve sustainable reductions across all dimensions of extreme poverty has reached an unprecedented level, with efforts primarily focused on and measured against the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs; see http:??/ millenniumgoals/goals.html) [2]. To date, progress toward achieving these goals has been mixed: in some regions such as East Asia, most countries have made important gains across the board and are thus “on track,” or better, for reaching many MDG targets. But in other regions, most notably in sub-Saharan Africa, a large number of countries are far behind and appear unlikely to reach, or even come close to reaching, their goals for 2015 [2]. The reasons for this are complex and often interlinked, but one stands out as a major overarching threat to development: HIV/AIDS, which kills more people than any other infectious disease and is the fourth-leading cause of death worldwide [3]. The severe health impacts of AIDS are well documented. But AIDS also affects countries’ fundamental economic and social development performance, and exerts detrimental effects on many of the other MDGs. AIDS will make it dif?cult if not impossible for many countries to achieve their MDG targets [4]. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0030455.g002 Figure 2. Underweight Prevalence among Children Under Four, Lesotho Figure derived from [18]. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0030455.g001 Figure 1. Orphans—Statistics and Predictions Data derived from [3,27,55]. improving maternal health; and (5) combating malaria and tuberculosis (TB). the links