Recent Loss of Self-Incompatibility by Degradation of the Male Component in Allotetraploid Arabidopsis kamchatica 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Recent Loss of Self-Incompatibility by Degradation of the Male Component in Allotetraploid Arabidopsis kamchatica 英文参考文献.doc

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Recent Loss of Self-Incompatibility by Degradation of the Male Component in Allotetraploid Arabidopsis kamchatica 英文参考文献

RecentLossofSelf-IncompatibilitybyDegradationofthe MaleComponentinAllotetraploidArabidopsis kamchatica TakashiTsuchimatsu.¤a,PascalKaiser.,Chow-LihYew,JulienB.Bachelier¤b¤c,KentaroK.Shimizu* InstituteofEvolutionaryBiologyandEnvironmentalStudies,InstituteofPlantBiology,andZurich-BaselPlantScienceCenter,UniversityofZurich,Zurich,Switzerland Abstract Theevolutionarytransitionfromoutcrossingtoself-fertilization(selfing)throughthelossofself-incompatibility(SI)isoneof themostprevalenteventsinfloweringplants,anditsgeneticbasishasbeenamajorfocusinevolutionarybiology.Inthe Brassicaceae,theSIsystemconsistsofmaleandfemalespecificitygenesattheS-locusandofgenesinvolvedinthefemale downstreamsignalingpathway.Duringrecentdecades,muchattentionhasbeenpaidinparticulartoclarifyingthegenes responsibleforthelossofSI.Here,weinvestigatedthepatternofpolymorphismandfunctionalityofthefemalespecificity gene,theS-locusreceptorkinase(SRK),inallotetraploidArabidopsiskamchatica.Whileitsparentalspecies,A.lyrataandA. halleri,arereportedtobediploidandmainlyself-incompatible,A.kamchaticaisself-compatible.Weidentifiedfivehighly divergedSRKhaplogroups,foundtheirdisomicinheritanceand,forthefirsttimeinawildallotetraploidspecies,surveyed thegeographicdistributionofSRKatthetwohomeologousS-lociacrossthespeciesrange.Wefoundintactfull-lengthSRK sequencesinmanyaccessions.Throughinterspecificcrosseswiththeself-incompatibleanddiploidcongenerA.halleri ,we foundthatthefemalecomponentsoftheSIsystem,includingSRKandthefemaledownstreamsignalingpathway,arestill functionalintheseaccessions.Giventhetightlinkageandveryrarerecombinationofthemaleandfemalecomponentson theS-locus,thisresultsuggeststhatthedegradationofmalecomponentswasresponsibleforthelossofSIinA.kamchatica. RecentextensivestudiesinmultipleBrassicaceaespeciesdemonstratethatthelossofSIisoftenderivedfrommutationsin the male component in wild populations, in contrast to cultivated populations. This is consistent with theoretical predictionsthatmutationsdisabling