Relationship of aerobic fitness and motor skills with memory and attention in preschoolers (Ballabeina) A cross-sectional and longitudinal study 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Relationship of aerobic fitness and motor skills with memory and attention in preschoolers (Ballabeina) A cross-sectional and longitudinal study 英文参考文献.doc

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Relationship of aerobic fitness and motor skills with memory and attention in preschoolers (Ballabeina) A cross-sectional and longitudinal study 英文参考文献

Niedereretal.BMCPediatrics2011,11:34 /1471-2431/11/34 RESEARCH ARTICLE OpenAccess Relationshipofaerobicfitnessandmotorskills withmemoryandattentioninpreschoolers (Ballabeina):Across-sectionaland longitudinalstudy IrisNiederer1*,SusiKriemler2,JanineGut3,TimHartmann1,ChristianSchindler2,Jér?meBarral4and JardenaJPuder5 Abstract Background:Thedebateaboutapossiblerelationshipbetweenaerobicfitnessandmotorskillswithcognitive developmentinchildrenhasrecentlyre-emerged,becauseofthedecreaseinchildren’saerobicfitnessandthe concomitantpressureofschoolstoenhancecognitiveperformance.Astheliteratureinyoungchildrenisscarce, weexaminedthecross-sectionalandlongitudinalrelationshipofaerobicfitnessandmotorskillswithspatial workingmemoryandattentioninpreschoolchildren. Methods:Datafrom245ethnicallydiversepreschoolchildren(meanage:5.2(0.6)years,girls:49.4%)analyzedat baselineand9monthslater.Assessmentsincludedaerobicfitness(20mshuttlerun)andmotorskillswithagility (obstaclecourse)anddynamicbalance(balancebeam).Cognitiveparametersincludedspatialworkingmemory (IDS)andattention(KHV-VK).Allanalyseswereadjustedforage,sex,BMI,migrationstatus,parentaleducation, nativelanguageandlinguisticregion.Longitudinalanalyseswereadditionallyadjustedfortherespectivebaseline value. Results:Inthecross-sectionalanalysis,aerobicfitnesswasassociatedwithbetterattention(r=0.16,p=0.03).A shortertimeintheagilitytestwasindependentlyassociatedwithabetterperformancebothinworkingmemory(r =-0.17,p=0.01)andinattention(r=-0.20,p=0.01).Inthelongitudinalanalyses,baselineaerobicfitnesswas independentlyrelatedtoimprovementsinattention(r=0.16,p=0.03),whilebaselinedynamicbalancewas associatedwithimprovementsinworkingmemory(r=0.15,p=0.04). Conclusions:Inyoungchildren,higherbaselineaerobicfitnessandmotorskillswererelatedtoabetterspatial workingmemoryand/orattentionatbaseline,andtosomeextentalsototheirfutureimprovementsoverthe following9months. TrialRegistration:NCBackground performance[2].Inpreschoolers, thefocusispref