Secondary Sympatry Caused by Range Expansion Informs on the Dynamics of Microendemism in a Biodiversity Hotspot 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Secondary Sympatry Caused by Range Expansion Informs on the Dynamics of Microendemism in a Biodiversity Hotspot 英文参考文献.doc

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Secondary Sympatry Caused by Range Expansion Informs on the Dynamics of Microendemism in a Biodiversity Hotspot 英文参考文献

SecondarySympatryCausedbyRangeExpansion InformsontheDynamicsofMicroendemismin aBiodiversityHotspot RomainNattier1*,PhilippeGrandcolas1,MarianneElias1,LaureDesutter-Grandcolas1,Herve′ Jourdan2, ArnaudCouloux3,TonyRobillard1 1Muse′um national d’Histoire naturelle, De′partement Syste′matique et Evolution, UMR 7205 CNRS OSEB, Case postale 50 (Entomologie), Paris, France, 2IMBE, Institut Me′diterrane′en de Biodiversite′ et d’Ecologie terrestre et marine, Aix-Marseille Universite′/CNRS/IRD/UAPV, UMR 237 IRD, Centre IRD de Noume′a, Noume′a, Nouvelle- Cale′donie,3Genoscope,CentrenationaldeSe′quenc?age, Evry,France Abstract Islandsareboundedareaswherehighendemismisexplainedeitherbyallopatricspeciationthroughthefragmentationof thelimitedamountofspaceavailable,orbysympatricspeciationandaccumulationofdaughterspecies.Mostempirical evidencepointoutthedominantactionofallopatricspeciation.Weevaluatethisgeneralviewbylookingatacasestudy wheresympatricspeciationissuspected.Weanalysethemode,tempoandgeographyofspeciationinAgnotecous,acricket genusendemictoNewCaledoniashowingageneralizedpatternofsympatrybetweenspeciesmakingsympatricspeciation plausible. We obtained five mitochondrial and five nuclear markers (6.8kb) from 37 taxa corresponding to 17 of the 21 known extant species of Agnotecous, and including several localities per species, and we conducted phylogenetic and datinganalyses.OurresultssuggestthatthediversificationofAgnotecousoccurredmostlythroughallopatricspeciationin thelast10Myr.Highlymicroendemicspeciesarethemostrecentones(,2Myr)andcurrentsympatryisduetosecondary rangeexpansionafterallopatricspeciation.Speciesdistributionshouldthenbeviewedasahighlydynamicprocessand extreme microendemism only as a temporary situation. We discuss these results considering the influence of climatic changescombinedwithintricatesoildiversityandmountaintopography.Acomplexinterplaybetweenthesefactorscould havepermittedrepeatedspeciationeventsandrangeexpansion. Citation: Nattier R, Grandc