Sedimentation Rate and 210Pb Sediment Dating at Apipucos Reservoir, Recife, Brazil 英文参考文献.docVIP

Sustainability 2012, 4, 2419-2429; doi:10.3390/su4102419 OPEN ACCESS sustainability ISSN 2071-1050 /journal/sustainability Article Sedimentation Rate and 210Pb Sediment Dating at Apipucos Reservoir, Recife, Brazil Vivianne L. B. de Souza *, Kélia R. G. Rodrigues, Eryka H. Pedroza, Roberto T. de Melo, Vanessa L. de Lima, Clovis A. Hazin, Mayara G. O. de Almeida and Rízia K. do Nascimento Centro Regional de Ciências Nucleares (CRCN/CNEN-PE), Av. Professor Luiz Freire 200, 50740-540 Recife, PE, Brazil; E-Mails: keliareja@ (K.R.G.R.); erykapedroza@.br (E.H.P.); rtmelo@.br (R.T.M.); lemos.nessa@.br (V.L.L.); chazin@.br (C.A.H.); mayaradqf@ (M.G.O.A.); riziakeila@ (R.K.N.) * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail:vlsouza@.br; Tel.: +55-02181-3797-8008; Fax: +55-02181-3797-8072. Received: 20 August 2012; in revised form: 10 September 2012 / Accepted: 11 September 2012 / Published: 27 September 2012 Abstract: The Apipucos Reservoir is located in Pernambuco-Brazil. Several districts of the metropolitan area use this reservoir to dispose of rubbish, waste and sewage. Dating sediments uses the 210Pb from the atmosphere. 210Pb is a daughter of the 222 Rn, which emanates from the soil but is different from that contained in the sediment, which is in balance with the 226Ra. The chosen model for dating sediments depends on certain conditions: in environments where the amount of sediment can vary, the Constant Rate of Supply (CRS) model is adopted. In environments where the sediments can be considered to be constant, a Constant Initial Concentration (CIC) model is applied. A 70 cm long and 5 cm internal-diameter wide core was used for sediment sampling. Samples were dried at 105 ?C, and about 5 g dry material was dissolved with acids. The 210Pb and 226Ra content was determined by their radioactive descendants’ concentrations. For the second sampling point, both models could be used. The res