Selection for litter size components a critical review 英文参考文献.docVIP

Selection for litter size components: a critical 2 M Pérez-Enciso JP Bidanel 1 Area de producci6 animal, Centre IIdL-IRTA, 25198 Lleida, Spain; 2 agronomique, 78352 Jouy-en-Josas cedex, F’rance Summary - The measurement of component variables such as the number of ova shed (OR) and its inclusion in a linear index with litter size (LS) or prenatal survival has been suggested in order to accelerate genetic progress for LS. Despite optimistic theoretical OR predictions, however, in no selection experiment has the advantage of including index as compared to direct selection for LS been convincingly demonstrated. A literature survey shows no clear evidence of changes in genetic parameters with selection. By contrast, genetic drift may suffice to explain the less than expected usefulness of measuring OR, although it is not necessarily the sole cause. It is shown that an approximate figure of how much can be gained by measuring OR relative to direct selection for LS is given by y is the phenotypic variance. Nonetheless, the size of the experiment needed to test this prediction is likely to be very large. litter size / mice / number of ova shed / pig / index selection par rapport à une disponibles dans la littérature montre que la réponse plus faible qu’attendue à une sélection mais pourrait l’être par les effets de la dérive génétique. De fa?on générale, la formule (1 + *  Reproductive efficiency is one of the most important aspects in a successful animal breeding scheme. Litter size (LS) is the trait responsible for most of the variation in overall reproductive performance in polytocous species and, consequently, LS is given a positive economic weight in all maternal lines of pigs, sheep and rabbits. Its importance has even increased recently in species such as pigs owing to the decreasing economic weight of backfat thickness and, to aS)lesser extent, of food around 0.10 in et al, 1994) and in sheep (Bradford, 1985). Therefore, several authors h