Selection for uniformity in livestock by exploiting genetic heterogeneity of residual variance 英文参考文献.docVIP

Selection for uniformity in livestock by exploiting genetic heterogeneity of residual variance 英文参考文献.doc

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Genet.Sel.Evol.40(2008)37–59 c INRA,EDPSciences,2008 DOI:10.1051/gse:2007034 Availableonlineat: Originalarticle Selectionforuniformityinlivestock byexploitinggeneticheterogeneity ofresidualvariance HanA.Mulder1?,PiterBijma1,WilliamG.Hill 2 1 2 AnimalBreedingandGenomicsCentre,WageningenUniversity,6700AHWageningen, TheNetherlands InstituteofEvolutionaryBiology,SchoolofBiologicalSciences,UniversityofEdinburgh, Edinburgh,EH93JT,UK (Received30January2007;accepted23August2007) Abstract–Insomesituations,itisworthwhiletochangenotonlythemean,butalsothevari- abilityoftraitsbyselection.Geneticvariationinresidualvariancemaybeutilisedtoimprove uniformityinlivestockpopulationsbyselection.Theobjectivewastoinvestigatethee?ectsof geneticparameters,breedinggoal,numberofprogenypersireandbreedingschemeonselec- tionresponsesinmeanandvariancewhenapplyingindexselection.Geneticparameterswere obtainedfromtheliterature.Economicvaluesforthemeanandvariancewerederivedforsome standardnon-linearpro?tequations,e.g.fortraitswithanintermediateoptimum.Theeconomic valueofvariancewasinmostsituationsnegative,indicatingthatselectionforreducedvariance increasespro?t.Predictedresponsesinresidualvarianceafteronegenerationofselectionwere large,insomecaseswhenthenumberofprogenypersirewasatleast50,bymorethan10% ofthecurrentresidualvariance.Progenytestingschemesweremoree?cientthansib-testing schemesindecreasingresidualvariance.Withoptimumtraits,selectionpressureshiftsgradu- allyfromthemeantothevariancewhenapproachingtheoptimum.Geneticimprovementof uniformity isparticularly interestingfor traitswhere thecurrent population mean isnear an intermediateoptimum. heterogeneityofvariance/indexselection/uniformity/economicvalue/optimumtrait 1. INTRODUCTION Uniformityoflivestockisofeconomicinterestinmanycases.Forexample, thepreference forsomemeatqualitytraits,suchaspH,istobeinanarrow range[19].Farmersgetpremiumswhentheydeliveranimalsinthepreferred rangeandpenaltiesforanimalsoutsideit[20].Uniformityofanimalsandani- mal

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