Sonic Anemometry to Measure Natural Ventilation in Greenhouses 英文参考文献.docVIP

Sensors 2011, 11, 9820-9838; doi:10.3390/s111009820 OPEN ACCESS sensors ISSN 1424-8220 /journal/sensors Article Sonic Anemometry to Measure Natural Ventilation in Greenhouses Alejandro López, Diego Luis Valera * and Francisco Molina-Aiz Department of Rural Engineering, University of Almería, Ctra. Sacramento s/n, 04120 Almería, Spain; E-Mails: alexlopez@ual.es (A.L.); fmolina@ual.es (F.M.-A.) * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: dvalera@ual.es; Tel.: +34-950-015-546; Fax: +34-950-015-491. Received: 19 September 2011; in revised form: 14 October 2011 / Accepted: 14 October 2011 / Published: 19 October 2011 Abstract: The present work has developed a methodology for studying natural ventilation in Mediterranean greenhouses by means of sonic anemometry. In addition, specific calculation programmes have been designed to enable processing and analysis of the data recorded during the experiments. Sonic anemometry allows us to study the direction of the airflow at all the greenhouse vents. Knowing through which vents the air enters and leaves the greenhouse enables us to establish the airflow pattern of the greenhouse under natural ventilation conditions. In the greenhouse analysed in this work for Poniente wind (from the southwest), a roof vent designed to open towards the North (leeward) could allow a positive interaction between the wind and stack effects, improving the ventilation capacity of the greenhouse. The cooling effect produced by the mass of turbulent air oscillating between inside and outside the greenhouse at the side vents was limited to 2% (for high wind speed, uo ≥ 4 m s?1) reaching 36.3% when wind speed was lower (uo = 2 m s?1). Keywords: sonic anemometry; greenhouse; ventilation; insect-proof screens Notation Cd discharge coefficient Cp air thermal capacity [J kg?1 K?1] Cw wind effect coefficient  Sensors 2011, 11 9821 E(f) spectral density [m2 s?1] EG error i