Two Proximal Skin Electrodes — A Respiration Rate Body Sensor 英文参考文献.docVIP

Sensors 2012, 12, 13813-13828; doi:10.3390/s121013813 OPEN ACCESS sensors ISSN 1424-8220 /journal/sensors Article Two Proximal Skin Electrodes — A Respiration Rate Body Sensor Roman Trobec *, Aleksandra Rashkovska and Viktor Avbelj Jo?ef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; E-Mails: aleksandra.rashkovska@ijs.si (A.R.); viktor.avbelj@ijs.si (V.A.) * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: roman.trobec@ijs.si; Tel.: +386-1-4773-497; Fax: +386-1-4773-111. Received: 20 August 2012; in revised form: 27 September 2012 / Accepted: 29 September 2012 / Published: 15 October 2012 Abstract: We propose a new body sensor for extracting the respiration rate based on the amplitude changes in the body surface potential differences between two proximal body electrodes. The sensor could be designed as a plaster-like reusable unit that can be easily fixed onto the surface of the body. It could be equipped either with a sufficiently large memory for storing the measured data or with a low-power radio system that can transmit the measured data to a gateway for further processing. We explore the influence of the sensor’s position on the quality of the extracted results using multi-channel ECG measurements and considering all the pairs of two neighboring electrodes as potential respiration-rate sensors. The analysis of the clinical measurements, which also include reference thermistor-based respiration signals, shows that the proposed approach is a viable option for monitoring the respiration frequency and for a rough classification of breathing types. The obtained results were evaluated on a wireless prototype of a respiration body sensor. We indicate the best positions for the respiration body sensor and prove that a single sensor for body surface potential difference on proximal skin electrodes can be used for combined measurements of respiratory and cardi