热带季节内振荡时空特征的诊断研究论文.pdfVIP

热带季节内振荡时空特征的诊断研究 董 敏 何金海 国家气候中心气候研究开放实验室 南京气象学院 摘要 本文应用谱分析 小波分析等方法及较长时段的资料进一步总结了热带季节内振荡的 一些基本气候特征 指出 热带季节内振荡主要活跃在3 个地区 最强的是西太平洋地区 其次是印度洋地区 第三是东太平洋沿岸的赤道以北地区 热带季节内振荡有明显的季节变 化 西太平洋地区和印度洋地区的季节内振荡一年中有两次极大值 冬季它主要活跃在南半 球 10S 附近 而夏季它则活跃在北半球 10N 附近 春秋季热带季节内振荡则明显减弱 东赤道太平洋北侧的季节内振荡只在夏季活跃 而冬季则很弱 而且 它不随季节而南北移 动 对于大气的大尺度要素 例如u 风场 热带季节内振荡的能量主要集中在 1 波 而对于 象降水这样尺度较小的要素 热带季节内振荡的能量则相对较分散 尽管它仍然在 1 波有最 大的能量 但2-4 波也具有较接近的能量 热带季节内振荡以东移的波动为主 热带季节内 振荡存在着年际甚至更长时间的变化 70 年代末期季节内振荡的幅度有一明显的突变 关键词 热带 季节内振荡 气候特征 A diagnostic study on the temporal and spatial characteristics of the tropical intraseasonal oscillation Dong Min (Laboratory for Climate Study, National Climate Center) He Jinhai (Nanjing Institute of Meteorology) Abstract The climatic characteristics of the tropical intraseasonal oscillation (TIO) are summaried by using the spectral analysis, Wavelets analysis with some long term datasets. It is found there are three regions where the TIO is very active. The first is the Western Pacific region where the tropical intraseasonal oscillation is most active. The second is the tropical Indian Ocean and the third is the region north to equator in the Eastern Pacific. The TIO has obvious seasonal transition. In western pacific and Indian ocean the TIO has two maximums during one year. In winter it is active in southern hemisphere (the Maximum is near 10S), while in summer the maximum TIO center moves to northern hemisphere (near 10N). The TIO is very weak in spring and autumn. The TIO in eastern pacific noth to equator is only active in summer. It is very weak during winter and it does not shift to southern hemisphere any time. For the mete