非谓语语法第一讲.ppt

用it作形式主语 1. It is adj. (for/of sb) to do sth. 2. It is + a pleasure/an honor/a pity to do. 3. It takes sb +time to do. 不定式和动名词作主语区别不大 不定式表示具体的、一次性的动作 动名词表示抽象、习惯性的动作 Remember to do 记得去做某事 Remember doing 记得做过某事 Forget to do 忘记去做某事 Forget doing 忘记做过某事 Regret to do 很遗憾的去做某事 Regret doing 遗憾做过某事 注意 *表示目的的不定式的否定式一般不用not to do,而用in order not to do或so as not to do。 如：(√)In order not to be seen, he came into the room through the window． (×)Not to be seen, he came into the room through the window． (√)He came into the room through the window so as not to be seen． *so as to do一般不放在句首。 (√)He get up at five this morning so as to catch the early bus． (X) So as to catch the early bus，he got up at five this morning． 1.too与ready（易于）,easy, willing, eager, anxious等形容词连用，此时不定式没有否定意义，too相当于very。 This problem is too easy to work out. 这道题很容易做出来。 2.too在 not, never, only, all, but后，不定式的意思是肯定的。 It’s never too late to learn. 活到老学到老。 It’s not too much to say he is a fool. 说他是个傻瓜一点也不过分。 每个不定式都有其逻辑主语，它可能是句子的主语、宾语，也可能由for或of引出。 1.逻辑主语是句中的某个代词或名词 I will have a lot of work to do this Sunday. My father promised to take me to the seaside. 2.由for引出的不定式的逻辑主语 There is no reason for us to doubt his words. What I want is for you to talk to Tom. 3.由of引出的不定式的逻辑主语 It was silly of you to trust such a man. (4).不定式用在介词but, except, besides（除了）后时,如果这些介词前有行为动词do的各种形式,那么介词后的不定式不带to, 相反则带to. (1). She could do nothing but ____ .(cry) (2). I have no choice but____. (go) (3).What do you like ____ besides____ . (do, sleep) 1.不定式作定语与被修饰名词构成动宾关系，且与句子主语有主谓关系时 We have lots of difficulties to overcome for the time being. 2.在“be+性质形容词 +不定式”结构中。 常见的此类形容词有easy, hard, interesting, difficult, heavy, pleasant, comfortable, 等。 Tom is hard to get on with. The work is easy to do. 3.不定式与疑问代词连用时。 I don’t know which is to choose. 4. 某些动词不定式与be连用时。 这类动词常用的有to blame , to let等。 I felt I was to blame for this bicycle accident. had better+ (not) do sth. Why