词类转换翻译.ppt

专升本专题讲座词类转换与英汉互译 词类转换试题要求 词类转换（或词形转换）试题主要考查考生正确、熟练地使用词汇的能力，其形式主要通过词性转换，即通过正确使用词性（名词、动词、形容词、副词等）或正确的构词法（前缀、后缀等），使构词正确、恰当，句意完整、连贯。 词性转换 构词法 合成词 派生是指由一个词根加上前缀和（或）后缀构成另一个词的构词形式。 常见的英文前缀及其含义 a，an- ①无，不，非: astable不稳定的, acentric无中心的, atypical ②含有in, on, at, by, with, to等意义：asleep, ahead, alive ab- 脱离: abnormal, absent; abstract; abmind; abuse Anti-反抗: antiwar, anti-imperialist, anti-virus auto-自动autobiography, autostable, automobile; autonomous be- 使…加强: belittle; befriend, becalm; bethink（反思） bi- 二, 双: biweekly; bilingual; bicycle; binoculars (双筒望远镜) co, col, com, con, cor 共同: cooperation /collaboration, combine, correlation, coherent, co-occurrence counter, contra反,对应: counteract; contrast, counterpart di,dif,dis否定,相反: diffident不自信 dislike,disagree en, em使…: enlarge, enable, empower e, ex 外,出: external, erupt, extensive , extend extra以外,超过: extraordinary, extra-solar, extra-charge hyper 在上,超: hyper-frequency超高频 hypersonic; hypermarket il, im, in, ir否定: illogical, impossible, invisible, irrational, illegal inter互相: interchange, interlock连锁,international mal恶,不良: maltreat, malfunction,malformation micro微: microscope, microware,microphone; microsoft mid 中,中间: midair, midstream, Midway Island mini 小: minibus; mini-state, miniskirt mis错, 坏: misspell, mispronounce，mislead multi 多: multiparty; multilingual, multiple-choice non否定: nonsmoker, nonexistent, nonsense, nonfiction, nonstandard out超出:outgo, outgrow; outdoor, out-root, outer-space,outlaw over上,过度: overwork, overeat; oversleep; overdo post后: postwar, postgraduate, postscript pre前,领先: prewar, prefix, prehistory re回, 再: return, restart, regain, renew semi半:semicircle, semiconductor,semisphere sub, suc, suf, sup次,亚,低于:substandard, suffix, supplement, succession trans 转换,越过: transmit, transatlantic, transmission, transplant, transportation tri 三: tricycle, triangle, trinity（三位一体） un 否定: unstable, unknown, unfair under下,内,不足: underground, underskirt, underpay, underwear uni单一： uniform， uni-polar，unity 常见英文单