ab受体阻滞剂ckd高血压共识解读2.ppt

* Proteinuria 蛋白尿. * Hypertension is common in CKD, and is a risk factor for faster progression of kidney disease and development and worsening of CVD. * Results: The prevalence of CKD in the US adult population was 11% (19.2 million). By stage, an estimated 5.9 million individuals (3.3%) had stage 1 (persistent albuminuria with a normal GFR), 5.3 million (3.0%) had stage 2 (persistent albuminuria with a GFR of 60 to 89 mL/min/1.73 m2), 7.6 million (4.3%) had stage 3 (GFR, 30 to 59 mL/min/1.73 m2), 400,000 individuals (0.2%) had stage 4 (GFR, 15 to 29 mL/min/1.73 m2), and 300,000 individuals (0.2%) had stage 5, or kidney failure. Aside from hypertension and diabetes, age is a key predictor of CKD, and 11% of individuals older than 65 years without hypertension or diabetes had stage 3 or worse CKD. Compared with GFR estimates, CCr estimates showed a steeper decline with age and were lower in non-Hispanic blacks. 表1　K/DOQ I指南中CKD的分期(年龄≥20岁) 分期 描述 GFR (mL /min) 发生率(% ) 1 肾损伤, GFR正常或升高 ≥90 3.3 2 肾损伤, GFR轻度下降 60～89 3.0 3 GFR中度下降 30～59 4.3 4 GFR严重下降 15～29 0.2 5 肾衰竭 15或透析 0.1 Prevalence of chronic kidney disease and decreased kidney function in the adult US population: Third national health and nutrition examination survey☆[Am J Kidney Dis 41:1-12.] * * 其中共识精读，包括药理特征、作用机制、治疗特点、临床适应症等内容。 * 腓总神经肌肉交感神经活性 MSNA是反映交感神经活性的良好指标 * 肌肉交感神经活性（MSNA） CVR【医】[=cardiovascular reactivity]心血管反应性MAP【医】[=mean aortic pressure]主动脉平均压力 * 其中共识精读，包括药理特征、作用机制、治疗特点、临床适应症等内容。 * RVR【医】[=renal vascular resistance]肾血管阻力RBF【医】[=renal blood flow]肾血流量GFR【医】[=glomerular filtration rate]肾小球滤过率 * * * * * 其中共识精读，包括药理特征、作用机制、治疗特点、临床适应症等内容。 * 证实同时具有适宜的?受体阻断作用。 这一作用比符合人体内α和β受体均衡阻断作用，有助于防止长期应用造成的肾上腺功能失调、血脂增高以及胰岛素抵抗。 * 阿尔马尔药代药动学数据 * 让我们来看一下阿罗洛尔的临床表现如何？这是阿罗